Fun and Games with Foods and Genetics

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DNA for DINNER
Fun and Games with Foods and Genetics
Peggy G. Lemaux http/ucbiotech.org http//pmb.ber
keley.edu/lemaux
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Tour d'Onion
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Why are the two wheat varieties different? Lets
take a closer look
Peeled skin
Tweezers
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CELLS
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Cell Wall
Nucleus
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Dividing cell
Chromosomes
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Chromosome
Genes
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What if an ancient variety of wheat had a trait,
like disease resistance, that is needed in the
modern variety?
Triticum monococcumAncient variety
Triticum aestivum Modern bread variety
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How can the genetic information in the cells of
the wheat plant be modified to create the new
variety?
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Chemical units represented by alphabetic letters
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of wheat
Two varieties have different information
contained in their books
Random retention of information from each parent
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Yield Increase by year
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But there are other ways to create new varieties
using the modern tools of genetics
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Genetic Engineering Methods
equivalent to a gene
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SOURCE NCFAP USDA
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Engineered for insect resistance using gene from
naturally occurring bacterium
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Roundup Ready Soybean?
Engineered with bacterial gene to tolerate
herbicide application
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Global Area of Biotech Crops, 1996 to
2007 Industrial and Developing Countries
(Million Hectares)
282 million acres worldwide comparable in size
to combined areas of CA and TX
23 industrial and developing countries in order
of acreage US, Argentina, Brazil, Canada, India,
China, Paraguay, South Africa, Uruguay,
Philippines, Australia, Spain, Mexico, Colombia,
Chile, France, Honduras, Czech Republic,
Portugal, Germany, Slovakia. Romania, Poland.
Source Clive James, 2008