Seeds and Seed Germination

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Seeds and Seed Germination

• Topic 2014

Sources CSS 101 Dr. Foster, Plant soil Science,
and technology by Biondo and Lee
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To Make a Seed

• Pollination
• Transfer of pollen form male to female parts
• Self pollination
• Pollen pollinates a flower of the same plant
• Cross pollination
• Pollen pollinates a flower from a different plant
• Double fertilization
• Sperm fuses with an egg making a zygote. A
  second sperm
• nuclei fuses with two nuclei in the embryo sac.
  It develops into the endosperm (later).

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What makes a Seed

• Seed
• Embryo, (young plant) and a food source
• Seed coat
• Protective shell around embryo and endosperm
• Embryo
• Little complete pant inside seed
• Cotyledons
• Leaves on embryo
• Endosperm
• Plants energy source

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What makes a seed

• Hypocotyl
• The part of the axis of a plant embryo or
  seedling plant that is below the cotyledons
• Plumule
• The rudimentary terminal bud of a plant embryo
  situated at the end of the hypocotyl, consisting
  of the epicotyl and often of immature leaves.
• Epicotyl
• The stem of a seedling or embryo located between
  the cotyledons and the first true leaves.
• Radicle
• The part of a plant embryo that develops into a
  root.

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More seed parts

• Micropyle
• A minute opening in the ovule of a seed plant
  through which the pollen tube usually enters.
• Hilum
• The scar on a seed, such as a bean, indicating
  the point of attachment to the funiculus (A stalk
  connecting an ovule or a seed with the placenta)

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Conditions for Seed Germination

• Water
• Favorable temperatures (40 degrees Feinheight to
  104)
• Oxygen
• Light or darkness

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Germination Steps

1. Water absorbed by seed through seed coat or
   micropyle
2. Seed cell enlarges
3. Seed respiration increases
4. Metabolic rate increases
5. Protien synthesis increases
6. Enzymatic activity begins
7. Enzymes convert starch to sugar
8. Embyro ruptures seed coat
9. Root and shoot elongation

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