FASTENERS AND HARDWARE

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FASTENERS AND HARDWARE

• 8th Grade Shop Skills
• Sweet Springs R-7

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What is a fastener?

• Any device used to hold two or more pieces of
  material together or in place.
• Nails
• Screws
• Bolts
• Nuts
• Washers
• Machine Screws

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Nails

• A fastener that is driven into the material it
  holds.
• Unit of measurement is penny or d
• Originally used to indicate the number of English
  pennies needed to purchase 100 nails of a given
  size
• Select nails by use, length and diameter.

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Types of Nails

• Common general construction
• Box light construction, end grain
• Cut tongue and groove flooring
• Finishing interior finishing of buildings
• Roofing rolled roofing and shingles
• Duplex forms for concrete
• Siding neopreme washer for steel siding

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Nail Length

• 2-10d
• d/41/2
• 2d/41/21
• 3d/41/2 1 ¼
• 4d/41/2 1 ½
• 6d/41/2 2
• 8d/41/2 2 ½
• 10d/41/2 3

• 12d 3 ¼
• 16d 3 ½
• 20d 4
• 30d 4 ½
• 40d 5
• 50d 5 ½
• 60d 6

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Screws

• A fastener with threads that bite into the
  material it fastens.
• Screws can be classified by
• Materials they hold
• Metal they are made from
• Shape of their head
• Type of tool needed to turn them

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Classification by Use

• Wood Screws tapered flat head with top half of
  shank smooth and bottom half treaded.
• Sheet Metal Screws Shank completely threaded
• Cap Screws tread into thick metal with matching
  treads
• Lag Screws structural timber or lead wall
  anchors

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Classification by Metal

• Steel Screws coated with blued, galvanized,
  cadmium, nickel, chromium or brass
• Brass Screws rustproof, severe moisture problem

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Classified by Shape of the Head

• Flat Head tapered designed to fit into a
  countersunk hole in the material
• Round Head half round with slot
• Pan Head upside down frying pan
• Phillip Head flat head with slots like
• Lag Screw square or hex shaped head

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Classified by type of tool needed to turn them

• Slotted Head Screw -
• Phillips Head Screw
• Allen Screw

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Size of Screws

• Diameter is expressed by gauge numbers that run
  from 2 through 24
• Number 6, 8, and 10 are common sizes.
• Common lengths range from ¼ to 4

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Types of Bolts

• Machine Bolt Square head or hex head with
  threads on just the last one inch or more of
  shank
• Cap Screw 2 or shorter, treads into object
• Carriage Bolt Round head over square shoulders
• Stove Bolt Round headed with straight slot
• Plow Bolt Square tapered head

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NUTS

• A device with a threaded hole
• Square four sided
• Hex six sided
• Wing winged extensions

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TYPES OF NUTS
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Types of Washers
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HARDWARE

• Hinges
• Brackets
• Plates
• Miscellaneous Metal Objects
• Support doors, lock windows, anchor roofs