WHOSE WATER IS THIS

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V
WHOSE WATER IS THIS? Challenges of participatory
water management in Brazil the case of
Cantareira.

• The Piracicaba, Capivari, Jundiai Watershed
  Committee
• and the water permit renewal process of the
  Cantareira System.

Fabiana Barbi Masters student at PROCAM USP
(University of Sao Paulo)
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Presentation Content

• 1. Research context
• 2. Research question
• 3. Theoretical Approach
• 4. Research Directions
• 5. Methodological Approach
• 6. Conclusions

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Water Resources Management Units in SP
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Piracicaba, Capivari, Jundiai Watershed
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The Region at a glance

• Second industrial pole in the country
• Responsible for 7 of Gross Internal Product
• Around 5 million people in 15.320 km2
• 74 municipalities (69 in SP
• and 5 in MG)

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Environment

• Civil society began to worry about the
  environment in this region in the 60s, motivated
  by the fish kill due to river pollution.
• This mobilization got stronger in the 70s with
  intense river pollution due to industrial and
  demographical development and the water diversion
  to SP through the Cantareira System.
• All this led to the creation of the Consortium in
  1989.

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Cantareira System - SP
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Cantareira System - SP
The system was built in 1973 and is comprised of
07 dams, 07 water diversions and 48 km of tunnels
and canals which allow, after the treatment at
ETA Guaraú, the distribution of 31 m3/s of water
in the SP Metropolitan Region according to the
water permit from 1974.
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Reservoirs Importance
F. MORATO
F. Morato
F. DA ROCHA
Mairiporã
MAIRIPORÃ
Sta. Isabel
F. da Rocha
R.Juquerí
Cajamar
P. B. Jesus
CAIEIRAS
CAIEIRAS
Caieiras
R. Águas Claras
ARUJÁ
ARUJÁ
Arujá
GUARULHOS
GUARULHOS
Guarulhos
Guararema
S. do Parnaíba
ITAQUA
Itaqua
Mogi das Cruzes
R.Paraitinga
BARUERÍ
BARUERÍ
POÁ
Poá
OSASCO
Salesópolis
Osasco
F. VAS.
F. Vas.
São Paulo
CARAP.
JANDIRA
Jandira
Carap.
ITAPEVÍ
Itapeví
SÃO PAULO
R.P. Nova
Biritiba Mirim
SUZANO
SUZANO
R. R. do Campo
S.C. do Sul
Suzano
S.C. DO SUL
T. da Serra
V.G. PAUL.
T.DA SERRA
Cotia
V.G. Paul.
R.Biritiba Mirim
COTIA
STO. ANDRÉ
Sto. André
EMBU
MAUÁ
Embu
Mauá
R.Taiaçupeba
DIADEMA.
Diadema
R.Jundiaí
R.G. Serra
R.da Graça
R.PIRES
R.Pires
Sistema Rio Claro
R.G. SERRA
R.Guara Piranga
Itap. Da Serra
ITAP. DA SERRA
Rib Estiva
R.P.Beicht
S.B.do Campo
Sistema Ribeirão da Estiva
S.B.DO CAMPO
Embu Guaçu
EMBU GUAÇU
S.LOURENÇO. DA SERRA
S.Lourenço da Serra
R.Billings
Sistema Rio Grande
0,2
Juquitiba
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Sistema Guarapiranga
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Importância Relativa dos Sistemas Produtores
1,3
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Research question

• Facing the decentralization process in the
  water management and the possibility of different
  actors taking part in this process, the interest
  conciliation, cooperation capacity among actors
  and conflict negotiation are necessary.

?? How the cooperation history among the PCJ
Committee members contributed to strengthen its
negotiation capacity in the water permit renewal
process of the Cantareira System?
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Important Changes

• Water Management State System from 1991, based in
  the French model.
• Decentralized
• Shared
• Participative
• Creation of the Watershed Committees.
• Define strategies and projects on the watershed.
• PCJ Committee was the first one in 1993.

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PCJ Committee Structure
State17 Entities17 Votes
Civil Society17 organizations17 Votes
Municipalities69 Mayors17 Votes
Directory President Vice-President Executive
Secretary
Technical Chamber of Planning (Plenary Members)
CT-PB Watershed Plan
CT-OL Permits and licenses
CT-RN Natural resources conservation and
protection
CT-SA saniting
CT-AS Underground water
CT-ID Technology and research difusion
CT-MH Hydrological monitoring
CT-SAM Environmental health
CT-EA Environmental education
CT-Rural Water use and conservation in rural areas
GT CANTAREIRA
GA-Plano
GA-Rel. Sit.
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Water permit renewal process

• Many actors involved with different interests.
• Negotiation lasted one and a half year.

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The Cantareira PermitNow and Then

• .
• 1974 centralized decision
• 30 years permit
• Water priority to Sao Paulo M A (31 from 33 m3/s)
• Centralized management by Sabesp

• 2004 participative process
• 10 years permit
• Gradual change in water priority (water bank, 6
  m3/s to PCJ)
• Participatory management

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Research Direction

• There is a satisfatory stock of
• cooperation,
• trust,
• solidarity and
• reciprocity among the members in this Committe

so that they can build institutional
arrangements, adopting coordinated strategies to
negotiate solutions to shared management
problems, for instance, in the case of the water
permit renewal.
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Theoretical Approach

• Much of the world is dependent on resources that
  are subject to the possibility of a tragedy of
  the commons. (E. Ostrom)
• A group in an interdependence situation can
  organize and govern in order to obtain joint
  continuous benefits when they adopt coordinated
  strategies. (E. Ostrom)
• Social capital
• The capacity that a group has to develop trust
  ties and cooperation networks in order to produce
  collective goods.

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Methodological Approach

• Cognitive social capital trust, solidarity,
  reciprocity and cooperation.
• Structural social capital social networks.
• Coordinated strategies lead to collective action
  decision making, participation, resources
  mobilization and management, communication and
  conflict resolution.

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Conclusions

• The Cantareira system water use permit renewal
  process opened important channels of
  participation, allowing the Universities to play
  an important role.
• The negotiation process strengthened the
  Committee as a water management organization and
  the water management system as a whole.
• It raised awareness in how people reflect on the
  natural resources depletion.

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References

• Projeto Marca dAgua www.marcadagua.org.br
• ANA www.ana.gov.br
• CBH-PCJ www.comitepcj.sp.gov.br
• CONSORCIO www.agua.org.br
• DAEE www.daee.sp.gov.br
• Contact fabarbi_at_terra.com.br

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