SPS-related Barriers Faced by Cambodian Exporters

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SPS-related Barriers Faced by Cambodian
Exporters in East Asian Countries Dourng
Kakada Economic Institute of Cambodia
(EIC) June 26th-27th,2006 Hainan, China
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Content

• Cambodias Overview
• Cambodian Export Profile
• SPS Issues in Cambodia The weakness
• Case Studies

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Cambodias Overview

• Population 13.9 Million in 2005
• Economic growth 67 per annum
• Poverty rate 35 in 2004
• Least Developed Country (LDC)
• GDP/capita US 390 in 2005
• Receiving GSP schemes from developed/developing
  countries

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Cambodian Export Profile (1)

• Total recorded merchandise exports US 1.1
  billion in 2000 and US 2.4 billion in 2005
• Cambodian merchandise exports are limited in
  terms of Export Directions..

Sources Ministry of Economy and Finance
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Cambodian Export Profile (2)

• .And in terms of Export Products

Source Ministry of Economy and Finance

• Informal exports of agricultural products are
  significant

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SPS Issues in Cambodia The weakness (1)

• Weak Capacity of Institutional Certification/Confo
  rmity Assessment
• No laboratory is accredited by international
  standard bodies such as ISO, APLAC, EAect.
• Inadequate capacity of laboratory to meet
  requirements of some importing countries

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SPS Issues in Cambodia The weakness (2)

• Lack of private investment in certification
  services
• Small market size
• Few agents operating certification services
• Inadequate capacity of export firm to meet SPS
  requirements
• Facilities
• Management (e.g. Flow chart)

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• Case Studies

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Case Study 1 Rices Access to Chinese Markets

• With concerns of pests and diseases to be
  imported into its country
• China requested documents for risk analysis and
  assessment (1)
• China dispatched expert group to conduct field
  inspection in Cambodia (2)
• ?The ability of rice to access to Chinese markets
  is based on above assessments

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Documents requested for risk analysis and
assessment (1)

1. Information about the plant and/or the product
   being tested including general name, scientific
   name, variety and class.
2. Information about the producing area of the
   product indicating the province, city and area,
   showing the product location on the national map
   with associated acreage.
3. Information about field management, growing and
   harvest times.
4. Information about pests and diseases involved
   including the general and scientific names,
   distribution, plants with parasites,
   harm-stricken parts of the plant, harm season,
   the supervision and inspection system, an impact
   statement on economy and biology.
5. Information of plant protection such as the
   method and effect of protection adopted, the
   description and frequency of chemicals used for
   protection.
6. Risk management measures for harmful plants
   including import export inspection and
   quarantine law, processes and standards.
7. Information of the organization system of
   Inspection and Quarantine Bureau from central
   administration to local government, as well as
   its responsibility the institution which is used
   as the inspection and quarantine lab is included.
8. Information of ongoing procedures, organisation
   relating to the Issuance of Certificate of
   Inspection and Quarantine, and a copy of the
   Certificate.

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Results of Field Inspection (2)

• Capacity of Phytosanitary Laboratory is not yet
  satisfied
• Inadequate capacity of Border Phytosanitary
  Authority
• Facilities
• Staff
• Inadequate Facility/Management of Export Firms
• Processing facilities
• Quality Management

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Case 2 Black Peppers access to Japanese Markets

• Black pepper is not accessible to Japanese
  markets due to the requirement of a certificate
  of sterilisation

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