Folding and Faulting

1
Folding and Faulting
2
Stress

• Amount of force per area put on an object

3
Rocks can change shape due to stress
4
Three types of stress

• Compression
• Tension
• Shear

5
(No Transcript)
6
(No Transcript)
7
(No Transcript)
8
FOLDING

• Rock layers bend due to stress
• Assume most rocks are laid down horizontal

9
(No Transcript)
10
(No Transcript)
11
(No Transcript)
12
(No Transcript)
13
(No Transcript)
14
FAULTS

• The line along which rocks break and move

15
Normal Faults

• Caused by tension forces
• Foot wall moves down

16
Ouch, my head!! This should make as smart as
James
The Fault
Ouch! My Foot! I am so mad, I want to blame
someone, but I cant so dont talk to me!
FOOTWALL
HEADWALL
17
(No Transcript)
18
(No Transcript)
19
(No Transcript)
20
(No Transcript)
21
(No Transcript)
22
(No Transcript)
23
(No Transcript)
24
(No Transcript)
25
(No Transcript)
26
Reverse Faults

• Caused by compression forces
• Hanging wall moves up

27
(No Transcript)
28
(No Transcript)
29
(No Transcript)
30
(No Transcript)
31
(No Transcript)
32
(No Transcript)
33
(No Transcript)
34
Strike-slip Faults

• Opposing forces cause rock to break
• Move horizontally

35
(No Transcript)
36
(No Transcript)
37
(No Transcript)
38
(No Transcript)
39
(No Transcript)
40
(No Transcript)
41
(No Transcript)
42
(No Transcript)
43
(No Transcript)
44
Review

• http//highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072402466/s
  tudent_view0/chapter19/animations_and_movies.html
  

45
Review some things

• Animation of Earthquake waves

The Shadow Zone
46
P-wave
47
S-wave
48
Together
49
Animation of Earthquake waves

• The Shadow Zone