Command line

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Command line

• A prompt where the user types in a command, as
  opposed to using the mouse to perform a command.
• Unlike a GUI Operating System, a command line
  Operating System only uses a keyboard to navigate
  and does not utilize a mouse. Because command
  line Operating Systems require commands to be
  used, these types of Operating Systems are much
  more difficult to learn for new users and can
  take time.
• However, a command line Operating System can be a
  very valuable resource and should not be ignored.
  For example, users who have Microsoft Windows may
  find trivial tasks such as renaming 100 files in
  a folder a very difficult task however, this is
  something that can be done in a matter of seconds
  through a simple command at the command line.

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Microsoft DOS and command prompt

• Microsoft DOS is a command line user interface
  first introduced in 1981 for IBM computers and
  was last updated in 1994 when MS-DOS 6.22 was
  released.
• Although MS-DOS is not commonly used today, the
  command shell used through Microsoft Windows is.

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How to open Dos Prompt Window
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DOS TOP 10 COMMANDS

• 1.cd
• 2.dir
• 3.copy
• 4.del
• 5.edit
• 6.move
• 7.ren (rename)
• 8.deltree
• 9.cls
• 10.format 

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cd to change directory

• cd\
• Goes to the highest level, the root of the drive.

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cd\
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Type cd\ then press enter
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• cd..
• Goes back one directory. For example, if you are
  within the C\Windows\COMMANDgt directory, this
  would take you to C\Windowsgt

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type ?cd..?press enter
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• cd windows
• If folder present, would take you into the
  Windows directory. Windows can be substituted
  with any other name.

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Type cd..?press enter?type cd..?press enter?type
cd windows?press enter
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• cd\windows
• If present, would first move back to the root of
  the drive and then go into the Windows directory.
• A shortcut to windowsbecause it goes back to the
  root of the drive

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• cd windows\system32
• If present, would move into the system32
  directory located in the Windows directory.
• If at any time you need to see what directories
  are available in the directory you're currently
  in use the dir command.

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Must be in C\ drive otherwise the command will
not work
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• cd
• Typing cd alone will print the working directory.
  For example, if you're in c\windowsgt and you
  type the cd it will print c\windows. For those
  users who are familiar with Unix / Linux this
  could be thought of as doing the pwd (print
  working directory) command.

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• About dir
• The dir command allows you to see the available
  files in the current and/or parent directories.

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Type dir?press enter
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• dir /ad
• List only the directories in the current
  directory. If you need to move into one of the
  directories listed use the cd command.
• dir /s
• Lists the files in the directory that you are in
  and all sub directories after that directory, if
  you are at root "C\gt" and type this command this
  will list to you every file and directory on the
  C drive of the computer.
• dir /p
• If the directory has a lot of files and you
  cannot read all the files as they scroll by, you
  can use this command and it will display all
  files one page at a time.
• dir /w
• If you don't need the info on the date / time and
  other information on the files, you can use this
  command to list just the files and directories
  going horizontally, taking as little as space
  needed.
• dir /s /w /p
• This would list all the files and directories in
  the current directory and the sub directories
  after that, in wide format and one page at a
  time.
• dir /on
• List the files in alphabetical order by the names
  of the files.
• dir /o-n
• List the files in reverse alphabetical order by
  the names of the files.

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• About copy
• Allows the user to copy one or more files to an
  alternate location.

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• Syntax
• Copies one or more files to another location.
• Examples
• The below example would copy all files in the
  current directory to the floppy disk in drive a
• copy . a
• Copy the autoexec.bat, usually found at root, and
  copy it into the windows directory the
  autoexec.bat can be substituted for any file(s).
• copy autoexec.bat c\windows

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• Copy the win.ini file, which is already in your
  windows directory, to the windows directory,
  without prompting if you wanted to overwrite the
  file or not.
• copy win.ini c\windows /y
• Copy the contents in myfile2.txt and combine it
  with the contents in myfile1.txt.
• copy myfile1.txtmyfile2.txt
• Finally, a user can create a file using the copy
  command. In the below example we create the file
  called "test.txt".
• copy con test.txt
• Once the above command has been typed in, a user
  could type in whatever he or she wishes. When you
  have completed creating the file, you can save
  and exit the file by pressing CTRLZ, which would
  create Z, and then press enter. An easier way to
  view and edit files in MS-DOS would be to use the
  edit command.

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Type copy con test1.txt?press enter?type what we
want in the text file?press enter?press ctrl
Z?press enter
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Test1.txt file appear in C directory
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• About del
• Del is a command used to delete files from the
  computer.

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• Windows 2000 and Windows XP recovery console
  syntax
• Deletes one file.
• Examples
• Notice Users who are running Microsoft Windows
  95 and are used to deleted items going to the
  recycle bin need to keep in mind that deleting
  files from MS-DOS does not send files to the
  recycle bin.
• del test.tmp Deletes the test.tmp in the
  directory that you currently are in, if the file
  exists.
• del c\windows\test.tmp Delete the
  c\windows\test.tmp in the windows directory if
  it exists.
• del c\windows\temp\. ( is for wild
  character(s)) . indicates that you would like
  to delete all files in the c\windows\temp
  directory.
• del c\windows\temp\?est.tmp (? is a single
  wild character for one letter) This command would
  delete any file ending with est.tmp such as
  pest.tmp or zest.tmp...

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Before delete
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Type del test1.txt?press enter
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After delete test1
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• About edit
• Edit allows a user to view, create and or modify
  their computer files.
• copy con ltname of filegt
• Once you have entered the above command this will
  create the file with the name specified.
• Once you have typed all the lines you wish to be
  in the file, press and hold CTRL Z. This should
  enter Z, once on the screen, press enter and one
  file should be copied.

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• Examples
• edit c\autoexec.bat This would look at the
  autoexec.bat However, if the file is not found,
  you will have a blank blue screen. When editing
  this or any file, ensure that you know what you
  are placing in the files.
• Using edit you can also create files for
  example, if you wanted to create a file called
  myfile.txt, you would type
• edit myfile.txt ltpress entergt
• This would bring up a blank edit screen, as long
  as the file is saved upon exit this will create
  the file myfile.txt.

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• About move
• Allows you to move files or directories from one
  folder to another, or from one drive to another.

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• Examples
• move c\windows\temp\. c\temp - This would
  move the files of c\windows\temp to the temp
  directory in root, this is of course assuming you
  have the windows\temp directory.

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Result file ipum.bmp dipindahkan ke testtt folder
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• About ren and rename
• Used to rename files and directories from the
  original name to a new name.
• In earlier releases of MS-DOS instead of using
  ren or rename you need to use the move command to
  rename your MS-DOS directories or files.

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• Examples
• Rename the directory chope to hope. 
• rename c\chope hope  
• Rename all text files to files with .bak
  extension.
• rename .txt .bak
• Rename all files to begin with 1_. The asterisk
  () in this example is an example of a wild
  character because nothing was placed before or
  after the first asterisk, this means all files in
  the current directory will be renamed with a 1_
  in front of the file. For example, if there was a
  file named hope.txt it would be renamed to
  1_pe.txt

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• About cls
• Cls is a command that allows a user to clear the
  complete contents of the screen and leave only a
  prompt.

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• Syntax
• CLS
• Examples
• cls
• Running the cls command at the command prompt
  would clear your screen of all previous text and
  only return the prompt.

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• About format
• Format is used to erase all of the information
  off of a computer diskette or fixed drive.

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• Microsoft Windows 2000 and Windows
• XP recovery console syntax
• Formats a disk for use with Windows 2000.
• format drive /q /fsfile-system
• drive Specifies the drive to format.
• /qPerforms a quick format.
• /fsfile-system-Specifies the file system to use
  (FAT, FAT32, or NTFS)

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• Examples
• When using the format command, remember all
  information on the drive you wish to format will
  be completely erased.
• format a
• Would erase all the contents off a disk. Commonly
  used on a diskette that has not been formatted or
  on a diskette you wish to erase.
• format a /q
• Quickly erases all the contents of a floppy
  diskette. Commonly used to quickly erase all
  information on the diskette.
• format c
• This would erase all the contents of your C hard
  disk drive. In
• other words, unless you wish to erase all your
  computer's
• information, this command should not be done
  unless you're
• planning to start over.

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User environments
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WINDOWS UPDATE
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History of windows
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Click window update Internet explorer pop up ke
address website berikut http//www.microsoft.co
m/isapi/redir.dll?prdWin2000arWinUpdate
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Hands On

• Must show the knowledge of using DOS commands
  such as
• cd..
• dir
• copy con
• del
• edit
• Cls
• Each student need to show the ability to use the
  command independently.