A short presentation by

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• A short presentation by
• (Djursland International Institute of Rural
  Wireless Broadband)
• on
• Broadband in rural areas through self-organizing
• COMBINING SELF-ORGANIZING AND WIRELESS
  INFRASTRUCTUREIS AN AFFORDABLE RURAL
  CONNECTIVITY METHOD !
• By educational leader Bjarke Nielsen

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• To introduce myself
• My name is Bjarke Nielsen. I am the educational
  leader at DIIRWB and I founded the
  DjurslandS.net, maybe the Worlds biggest
  non-commercial rural wireless network, giving
  Internet connection to rural schools,
  -institutions, -firms and close to 6000 rural
  households - up to now.
• DIIRWB is an institute for training builders of
  cheap rural wireless broadband, based on the
  experience of establishing and running the
  DjurslandS.net.
• DIIRWB is a cooperation of the Computer Support
  Community of Djursland and the Grenaa Technical
  School and we support the grass root movement on
  free Wi-Fi World Summits on Free Information
  Infrastructures (WSFII).
• I founded the Computer Support Community of
  Djursland in 1993 and has been its chairman ever
  since.
• I am also chairman of GrenaaS.net, the
  area-network of Grenaa, the largest city on
  Djursland.
• I chair all pilot-projects on using wireless
  network for rural broadband infrastructure in the
  EU-funded Baltic Rural Broadband Project (BRB)
  in the countries around the Baltic sea in
  Northern Europe, and are also project-responsible
  for the Danish part called Networking
  Djursland.
• I am a member of the EU-funded think-tank or
  advisory-board on Broadband Access, Innovation
  Regional Development (BIRD) for the North Sea
  Area.

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Our home
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Cities is an exception on earth. Most of the
surface of the earth is rural districts, and
among other things they have in commonthat it
seems all too expensive to create a full surface
covering broadband infrastructure that makes
everyone living on earth part of the global ICT
society. Thus the divide between life in cities
and countryside is further expanded and bear
catastrophic perspectives.
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Broadband coverage in Denmark
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• In Denmark Tele Danmark (TDC), who owns the
  copper-line infrastructure, gives 95 of all
  households opportunity to get up to 2 megabit
  broadband access through 1600 ADSL centrals.
• If TDC should give the remaining 5 the same
  possibility, TDC would have to make another 4600
  ADSL centrals.
• The need for almost 3 times extra centrals is due
  to these facts
• All the 5 live in the sparsely populated rural
  areas
• The centrals is placed in the cities where 95 is
  concentrated
• The rural areas covers the major part of the
  geographical Danmark
• The ADSL centrals can at 2 megabit only reach out
  to 5 km on the lines
• To believe that the economical forces of the
  market will expand the amount of ADSL centrals
  from 1600 to 6200, just to reach the last 5 of
  the households, would be sheer naivety.

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As all rural areas around the globe have similar
background - or worse - I will analyze this and
tell what we did to solve the problem on Djursland
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Broadband coverage on Djursland
On Djursland the consequences of the short range
of ADSL was that 25 of the households outside
the cities could not get a ADSL broadband access
Lets start to see the economical forces
graphically
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Possibility of Internet access through the Danish
telecom net
of households in Denmark with respectively
big and small bandwidth
It will almostcost 3times more to reach one
rural household than it has cost to reach
nineteenin thecities,so for 1 rural you get
about3 times nineteenin cities
19 times more homes which have access for
16 times more speed
Totally unprofitable for TDC
in dense settlement in dispersed settlement
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IT is all too expensive to create ADSL-access in
rural areas TDCs expense for establishment of
these 4600 extra ADSL-centrals would in real
money amount to 175 million . TDC would have an
additional expense of 150 for each household to
be connected. TDC does not think that connecting
the rural people can happen on market
conditions. TDC therefore wants national
fundsto make broadband access in the rural
countryside.
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The counterclaim from several of the Danish
political partiesto the TDC is wishing to decide
a universal service obligation, but the
EU-commission rejects universal service
obligation in this field From the EU and the
government side the decisions are clear
Broadband roll out is to happen based on pure
market conditions So neither will TDC be ordered
a universal service obligation nor will companies
be given government grants to bridge the
divide Thus a rural solution is left over to a
market totally without ability This way
authorities and business market leaves the rural
population to themselves
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Djursland and what we did
Facts of Djursland Population 82.420 Total
area 1.491 km² Population density 57,6 pr. km²
Since 2001 volunteers have developed the
Djursland-model. It proved that people in the
Danish countryside, through volunteer action, can
get comparable broadband access at 1/3 of the
average market price in cities, using an outdoor
antenna amplified wireless data radio
technique, based on standardized mass-produced
Wi-Fi equipment. (Negotiations with 35 ISPs on
all kind of technology showed that a rural
IT-infrastructure giving access all over
Djursland could not be established on market
conditions)
(The 8 municipalities on Djursland)
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• User installation box
• An outdoor box with
• An accesspoint
• A directional antenna in the lid
• Ethernet kabel for the house
• An lengthened powercord

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• A central village installation
• A radio-based connectionlinking to a central
  radio stationthrough a directional-antenna.

1. And an omni-antennagiving radio-basedaccess for
   installationsat roofs at householdsand
   institutions

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DjurslandS.net
. . is run by volunteersand consist today of
9area nets, with morethan 250 central antenna
nodes, which each covers about 10km in diameter
in all directions, and whichin all, up to now,
give wireless access to close to 6000 amplified
APs in rural households, -schools, -institutions
and -firms. Each household etc. borrows the gear
and pays a one time contribution of 267 , and
also 13 each month for access.
Bandwidth is between2 and 5 Megabit/sec. The
6000 connectedhouseholds etc. saveall together
each yearabout 2 1/4 million ,compared to the
sum they should have paid to the commercial ISPs,
if they could have delivered to everybody in
our rural areas at the actual city-market price
for similar bandwidth.Each new household saves
275 the first year, and each of the following
years they save more than 500 .
User antennas with 1½ km reach is used in the
purple areas User antennas with 3 km reach is
used in the orange areas User antennas with 5 km
reach is used in the yellow areas
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Savings by high speed Internet access Savings by high speed Internet access Savings by high speed Internet access Savings by high speed Internet access Savings by high speed Internet access Savings by high speed Internet access Savings by high speed Internet access Savings by high speed Internet access Savings by high speed Internet access
with unlimited consumption via DjurslandS.net's area nets with unlimited consumption via DjurslandS.net's area nets with unlimited consumption via DjurslandS.net's area nets with unlimited consumption via DjurslandS.net's area nets with unlimited consumption via DjurslandS.net's area nets with unlimited consumption via DjurslandS.net's area nets with unlimited consumption via DjurslandS.net's area nets with unlimited consumption via DjurslandS.net's area nets with unlimited consumption via DjurslandS.net's area nets

ISP speed speed Once month year 1 year 2 save year 1 save year 2
Djursnet 4096/4096 Kbit/s 4096/4096 Kbit/s 267 13 423 156  - - 
Cybercity 4096/256 Kbit/s 4096/256 Kbit/s 26 47 590 564 167 408
tele2 4096/256 Kbit/s 4096/256 Kbit/s 0 50 600 600 177 444
Stofanet 4096/512 Kbit/s 4096/512 Kbit/s 0 61 732 732 309 576
TDC 4096/512 Kbit/s 4096/512 Kbit/s 79 63 835 756 412 600
DanskKabelTV 4096/256 Kbit/s 4096/256 Kbit/s 93 53 731 638 308 482

Average savings in Euro Average savings in Euro Average savings in Euro       275 502

Connected households in 2006 Connected households in 2006 Connected households in 2006         1.000 new 4.000 now
Expected savings 2006, all connected households on Djursland Expected savings 2006, all connected households on Djursland Expected savings 2006, all connected households on Djursland Expected savings 2006, all connected households on Djursland Expected savings 2006, all connected households on Djursland Expected savings 2006, all connected households on Djursland Expected savings 2006, all connected households on Djursland 275.000 2.008.000
Savings in all 2006, (self-sponsoring of the IT-society on Djursland) Savings in all 2006, (self-sponsoring of the IT-society on Djursland) Savings in all 2006, (self-sponsoring of the IT-society on Djursland) Savings in all 2006, (self-sponsoring of the IT-society on Djursland) Savings in all 2006, (self-sponsoring of the IT-society on Djursland) Savings in all 2006, (self-sponsoring of the IT-society on Djursland) Savings in all 2006, (self-sponsoring of the IT-society on Djursland) Savings in all 2006, (self-sponsoring of the IT-society on Djursland) 2.283.000
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Comparison of all expenses in for a household- over 4 years - for comparable broadband access Comparison of all expenses in for a household- over 4 years - for comparable broadband access Comparison of all expenses in for a household- over 4 years - for comparable broadband access Comparison of all expenses in for a household- over 4 years - for comparable broadband access Comparison of all expenses in for a household- over 4 years - for comparable broadband access Comparison of all expenses in for a household- over 4 years - for comparable broadband access Comparison of all expenses in for a household- over 4 years - for comparable broadband access Comparison of all expenses in for a household- over 4 years - for comparable broadband access
ISP Speed 1. year 2. year 3. year 4. year In all Expense factor
Djursnet (non-commercial) 4096/4096 Kbit/s 423 156 156 156 891 1,00
Cybercity 4096/256 Kbit/s 590 564 564 564    
tele2 4096/256 Kbit/s 600 600 600 600    
Stofanet 4096/512 Kbit/s 732 732 732 732    
TDC 4096/512 Kbit/s 835 756 756 756    
DanskKabelTV 4096/256 Kbit/s 731 638 638 638    
Market average a year for 4096/256 (512) Kbit/s Market average a year for 4096/256 (512) Kbit/s 697,6 658 658 658 2671,6 3,00
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The wireless landscapenet has a world-beating
economy As seen here, a wireless landscapenet -
which is established and driven by volunteers -
has an economical cost effectiveness and
sustainability which over 4 year is about 165
times bigger than when a surface covering IT
infrastructure is created in a rural area,
through establishment of extra DSL centrals and
their access lines.
Totally unprofitable for TDC
Landscapenet has 165 times better economy than
ADSL rural centrals
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Self organizing is the sure solution for remote
areas Through self-organizingin our rural
districts we can- out of self interest
-,establish and run our ownbroadband-infrastruct
ures,where all institutions andhouseholds can
get access at 1/3of the average market price in
big cities. So we are not really dependent on
funding ! Think about what this means globally !
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• As rural districts we dont have to either be
  dependent on
• the lacking ability of the political conditions
  to cope with minorities
• or the lacking motivation of commercial
  interests
• We can create and run IT-infrastructures by our
  own powers.
• As rural population we ought to take the
  initiative ourselvesto better our living
  conditions, as we as minority anyway never will
  get high priority on the agenda of society.
• So I would say to rural people
• Dont wait for nothing do it yourself, and do
  it now !
• The broadband problem in the countryside is
  easily solvedit is only a matter of organizing
  volunteers and provide the appropriate knowledge
  and competence to run Wi-Fi based landscapenet.

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• DIIRWBs training- and teaching-disciplines
• 1) Organization
• 2) Campaign
• 3) Administration
• 4) Equipment and tools
• 5) Net-planning- and building
• 6) Web-portal building and running
• 7) User-support and running net
• 8) Handling of routers and servers
• 9) Documentation and evaluation
• Normally we will train groups from the same area
  with at least 8 participants. They will be
  specialized so that a sharing of work can take
  place.
• Share of responsibility among volunteers makes
  non-commercial establishing and running of
  community network realistic.

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• Thank you for your attention -)
• Further information can be obtained at
• http//Boevl.dk
• http//DjurslandS.net
• http//Networking-Djursland.dk
• http//DIIRWB.net (fetch the institute
  brochure)
• http//Landscapenet.eu
• Or via Kontakt_at_Boevl.dk 45 60 25 00 01 og 15

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Appendix A
Test of QoS in Wi-Fi IEEE 802.11a equipment from
Lancom
Test of QoS in WiMax equipment from Redline
Communications
Research was done at DIIRWBs partner the
University of Stralsund in nothern Germany.
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Appendix B
BIRD-REPORT FROM DJURSLAND, DENMARK DIIRWB - a
cooperation between GTS and Bøvl - is running 16
local partial project to further develop an
example of a rural IT society. We are here
represented by Klavs, Birte and me
Bjarke. Partner with the Innovation Djursland
initiative. We are focusing on developing
solutions to bridge the technological and social
divide which rural people meet. IT minister has
promised access, also all over in rural areas,
but without funding, alone through the market TDC
can provide access up to 2mbit to 95 households
through 1600 centrals TDC would have to make an
extra 4600 centrals to reach the remaining 5 and
that can not be done commercially. According to
the Djursland wireless infrastructure model, 165
households in rural areas can be given access for
what it cost to reach a single household by extra
traditional centrals and at 1/3 of the market
price for similar service in the cities. - This
is based on the experience from connecting 5000
households etc. in rural Djursland - an area of
6050 km. 57 individuals pr. km2.
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Appendix C
DIIRWB are now arranging a Networking Djursland
Conference with participation of 25 partners and
the public in jan-07. 16 pilot projects are
presented on further development of Djursland
into a good rural IT society. Cooperation with
Grenaa City Antenna society about TV via the
rural wireless network. We are testing wireless
multicasting. Cooperation with the electricity
company of our area about integrating fiber
access and the rural wireless net, bringing
higher speed to each wirelessly connected
household etc. Cooperation with the rural board
of our region, on multiplying our model for other
rural areas in our region. A mobile reaching
platform with tree tasks. A one month travel in
India has prepared 5 rural areas to apply the
Djursland-model and make showcases for all of
rural India. Free wireless access with limited
bandwidth is planned for the whole geographical
area in two of our eight municipalities. This
will benefit mobile wireless access for the
locals as well as for tourists.