Ages and Stages Lecture Review

1
Ages and Stages Lecture Review

• Mark was upset because he only got
• half a sandwich while his older sister got two
  halves of a sandwich. After his mother cut his
  half sandwich into two pieces, Mark was perfectly
  happy. Mark is probably in the ________stage of
  cognitive development.
• A. sensorimotor
• B. Preoperational
• C. Concrete Operational
• D. Formal Operational

2
Ages and Stages Lecture Review

• Which of the following would characterize a child
  who is in the concrete operational stage of
  cognitive development?
• A. The child tends to focus on only one aspect of
  a situation, such as the height but not the width
  of the liquid in two containers.
• B. The child is able to think logically and
  systematically even when dealing with abstract
  concepts.
• C. The child uses basic sensory and motor
  abilities to understand the world.
• D. The childs use of logic tends to be limited
  to tangible events or objects.

3
Ages and Stages Lecture Review

• Thirty-year-old Alayna is painfully shy and so
  sensitive to rejection that she rarely talks to
  people other than her coworkers and her family
  members. Occasionally, a man asks her out, but
  she always refuses. She spends a good deal of
  time reading and writing in her diary about her
  loneliness and other feelings. According to
  Eriksons theory, Alayna is facing the
  psychosocial conflict of _____ and is likely to
  develop____.
• A. industry versus inferiority industry
• B. autonomy versus guilt guilt
• C. generativity versus stagnation stagnation
• D. intimacy versus isolation isolation
• E. Identity versus role confusion role
  confusion

4
Ages and Stages Lecture Review

• In Kohlbergs theory, the preconventional level
  is characterized by
• A. moral reasoning based on avoiding
  punishment and maximizing personal gain.
• B. moral reasoning that emphasizes the
  importance of social roles, rules and
  obligations.
• C. showing respect for authorities simply
  because they are authorities.
• D. concern for all members of society.

5
Ages and Stages Lecture Review

• Carol Gilligans chief criticism of Kohlbergs
  theory or moral development is that
• A. his theory does not accurately describe
  moral reasoning in childhood.
• B. his theory reflects an ethic of care and
  responsibility rather than an ethic of
  individual rights.
• C. his theory reflects a male perspective of
  moral development, which may not apply to
  moral development in women
• D. his approach to moral development is
  based upon philosophical speculation
  rather than empirical research.

6
Answers

• B
• D
• D
• A
• C