Eukaryotes, Prokaryotes, and Virus

1
Eukaryotes, Prokaryotes, and Virus

• Section 7.1 Pg. 176-180
• Section 18.1 pg. 489-492

2
The Cell Theory

• Robert Hooke an English scientist is the one who
  came up with the cell theory.
• Cell theory (3 parts)
• All organisms are composed of one or more cells
• The cell is the basic unit of organization or
  organisms
• All cells come from preexisting cells

3
Two Basic Cell Types

• Prokaryotes unicellular organisms, such as
  bacteria, composed of prokayotic cells.
  Prokaryotic cells lack internal membrane-bound
  structures

4
Two Basic Cell Types

• Eukaryotes unicellular or multi-cellular
  organisms, such as yeast, plants, and animals,
  composed of eukaryotic cells, which contain a
  true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.

5
Two Basic Cell Types

• Eurkaryotic cells contain membrane- bound
  structures called organelles.
• Each organelle has a specific function for cell
  survival.
• Example Nucleus, mitochondria, and Golgi
  apparatus

6
Viruses

• Definitiondisease-causing, nonliving particles
  composed of an inner core or nucleic acids
  surrounded by a capsid.
• Examples
• HIV
• Influenza
• Common Cold
• Polioviruses
• Rabies viruses

7
Viruses

• Not considered living
• Dont carry out respiration
• Dont grow
• Dont develop
• Can replicate (copy themselves) by using a host
  cell.
• Host cell is any cell which viruses can replicate

8
Viral Structure

• Contain
• Inner core of nucleic acid, either RNA or DNA
• Outer coat of protein called capsid.
• The DNA and RNA contains instructions for making
  copies of the virus.
• The protein arrangement in the capsid determines
  the viruss shape, which determines how the virus
  infects the cell.