Tatyana Maleva Child Poverty and Social Exclusion in Russia

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Tatyana MalevaChild Poverty and Social
Exclusion in Russia

• III Intergovernmental Conference
• On Children in Europe and Central Asia
• Palencia, 2006

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Poverty Level and Depth (macroeconomics data)
3

• Monetary forms of child poverty
• Families with children in Russia have the highest
  risk of falling into poverty as well as the
  highest poverty depth

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Sociodemographic Structure of Poor Households
  Demo-graphic structure of house-holds surveyed, Demographic structure of poor households Demographic structure of poor households Demographic structure of poor households Demographic structure of poor households
  Demo-graphic structure of house-holds surveyed, Money incomes Money incomes Available resources Available resources
  Demo-graphic structure of house-holds surveyed, Share among total poor, Share of total income shortfall, Share among total poor, Share of total income shortfall,
Families with children 36,6 52,8 74,6 61,3 78
Married couple with 1 child 10,1 11,7 12,8 11,8 10,5
Married couple with 1 child and other relatives 6,6 9 12,8 9,9 12,4
Married couple with 2 children 6,4 10,3 16,2 12,1 16,6
Married couple with 2 children and other relatives 1,5 2,5 5,1 3,3 5,8
Married couple with 3 or more children 1,1 2,1 5,7 3,2 7,7
Married couple with 3 or more children and other relatives 0,3 0,6 1,8 0,8 2,3
Mothers (fathers) with children 4,9 7,8 7,8 9,2 8,1
Mothers (fathers) with children and other relatives 5,7 8,7 12,5 11 14,5
Families without children 63,4 47,2 25,4 38,7 22
Average for all families 100 100 100 100 100
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Risk and Depth of Poverty
  Poor households Poor households Poor households Poor households
  Money incomes Money incomes Available resources Available resources
  Risk of falling into the poor group ( of group size) Income shortfall ( of subsisence minimum) Risk of falling into the poor group ( of group size) Income shortfall ( of subsistence minimum)
Families with children 77.7 37.0 52.3 18,7
Families without children 36.2 10,4 15,2 3,7
Average for all families 49.0 22,5 26.0 10.0
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Risk and Depth of Poverty in Sociodemographic
Group
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• Non-monetary forms of child poverty exclusions
  and deprivations

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The Level of the Housing and Property Assets
  All families Housing facilities Housing facilities Housing facilities Housing facilities Personal assets Personal assets
  All families Have comfortable housing Total living space above the social norm Level of available housing above the average Level of available housing above the average Level of available personal assets above the average Low level of available personal assets
Families with children 100.0 52.6 20.8 9.8 52.7 41.5 17.8
Married couple with 1 child 100.0 63.0 36.2 19.0 42.6 47.3 11.8
Married couple with 1 child and other relatives 100.0 63.5 13.1 6.0 41.6 56.3 8.0
Married couple with 2 children 100.0 54.1 15.8 6.0 51.8 49.0 12.8
Married couple with 2 children and other relatives 100.0 50.2 9.7 3.2 54.5 52.8 14.1
Married couple with 3 or more children 100.0 29.4 10.5 1.2 75.2 41.1 25.8
Married couple with 3 or more children and other relatives 100.0 33.0 10.8 1.5 70.1 37.9 23.6
Mothers (fathers) with children 100.0 62.8 48.3 28.5 44.6 18.9 27.6
Mothers (fathers) with children and other relatives 100.0 64.7 21.7 12.7 41.7 29.0 18.4
Families without children 100.0 58.7 63.0 33.0 45.9 26.5 25.8
All households 100.0 59.6 48.9 25.8 45.5 33.0 21.6
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Medical Aid Accessibility, in Group
Age groups 0-5 4-16 15-17 18-23 24-30 31-40 41-50 51-54 55-60 61-70 71 and abo-ve
Poor households Poor households Poor households Poor households Poor households Poor households Poor households Poor households Poor households Poor households Poor households Poor households
Visited the doctor within the last 12 months Visited the doctor within the last 12 months Visited the doctor within the last 12 months Visited the doctor within the last 12 months Visited the doctor within the last 12 months Visited the doctor within the last 12 months Visited the doctor within the last 12 months Visited the doctor within the last 12 months Visited the doctor within the last 12 months Visited the doctor within the last 12 months Visited the doctor within the last 12 months Visited the doctor within the last 12 months
Yes 60 44 38 31 31 35 40 44 49 57 64
No 40 56 62 69 69 65 60 56 51 43 36
If not, why not                      
No health problems 89 86 84 83 79 74 64 58 43 34 19
Institutional barriers 3 3 2 2 3 5 5 9 13 12 15
Required services are to be paid for 1 3 3 3 5 5 11 10 13 16 15
Other reasons 7 9 11 12 13 16 20 23 32 38 51
Non-poor households Non-poor households Non-poor households Non-poor households Non-poor households Non-poor households Non-poor households Non-poor households Non-poor households Non-poor households Non-poor households Non-poor households
Visited the doctor within the last 12 months Visited the doctor within the last 12 months Visited the doctor within the last 12 months Visited the doctor within the last 12 months Visited the doctor within the last 12 months Visited the doctor within the last 12 months Visited the doctor within the last 12 months Visited the doctor within the last 12 months Visited the doctor within the last 12 months Visited the doctor within the last 12 months Visited the doctor within the last 12 months Visited the doctor within the last 12 months
Yes 68 55 48 37 37 40 47 53 54 64 76
No 32 45 52 63 63 60 53 47 46 37 24
If not, why not                      
No health problems 85 86 87 83 79 72 66 62 51 37 25
Institutional barriers 2 2 3 3 3 5 6 6 10 11 18
Required services are to be paid for 3 2 2 3 4 4 6 5 6 12 11
Other reasons 10 10 8 12 15 19 23 27 34 41 47
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Indicators of Completion of Treatment share of
respondents, who could not complete the
treatment,
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Incidence of Deprivation Poverty ( of households)
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Concentration of Deprivation ( of households)
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Differences in Poverty Profile under Various
Approaches to Poverty Measurement
Demographic type of household All house-holds Poor under integrated welfare indicator Deprivation poor Subjectively poor
Families with children 32.7 56.3 24.4 22.6
Families without children 67.3 43.7 75.6 77.4
Total 100 100 100 100
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Share of Orphans in Children Number (lt 18 years)
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Structure of Social Transfers in Available
Resources,
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New Russian Demographic Program

• If we really want to do something good for our
  citizens, I would suggest to focus on the
  problems that are most important. I suggest a
  program aimed to stimulate fertility support to
  young families, support to women who make
  decisions to give birth to and raise up a child
  
• President V. Putin,
• Annual Address To Federal Board,
• May 2006

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Proposed Measures of Support to Families with
Children
Child care allowance (up to the age of 1,5 years)
For the first child 55
For the second child 110
Monthly payments to women on maternity leave and child rearing leave (up to the age of 1,5 years) 40 of the former wage, not less that 55 ( 110)
Compensation of expenses on pre-school upbringing
For the first child 20 of average payment collected from the parents
For the second child 50 of average payment collected from the parents
For the third child 70 of average payment collected from the parents
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Proposed Measures of Support to Families with
Children (contin.)
Benefits for children orphans
Monthly payments for a child in the family of guardian or adoptive (foster) family 150
Monthly salary of adoptive (foster) parent 90
Single-time benefit in case of all forms of placing children, who are devoid of parent care, into a family 300
Birth certificate
In maternity welfare centre 110
In maternity hospital 260
Basic maternity capital, which women can invest in purchase of housing through mortgage or other credit schemes, when the child reaches the age of 3 years, in education of the child, in accumulative part of her own pension 9 260 indexed annually taking into account inflation rate