PERMIT REQUIRED CONFINED SPACES

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PERMIT REQUIRED CONFINED SPACES
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STANDARDS

• 29 CFR 1910.146
• (Code of Federal Regulations for General
  Industry)
• US DOC Occupational Safety and Health Program
  Manual Chapter 16

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PURPOSE OF PROGRAM

• TO IDENTIFY EXPOSE INHERENT DANGER OF CONFINED
  SPACES
• PROVIDE STRICT GUIDELINES TO PERSONNEL OPERATING
  IN A POTENTIALLY HAZARDOUS ENVIRONMENT
• GREATLY REDUCE THE RISK OF POTENTIAL INJURY
  AND/OR DEATH

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SCOPE AND APPLICATION

• Requirements to protect employees in from the
  hazards of entry into permit-required confined
  spaces.

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SCOPE AND APPLICATION

• DOES NOT APPLY TO
• Agriculture (29 CFR 1928)
• Construction (29 CFR 1926)
• Shipyard employment (29 CFR 1915)

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DEFINITIONS
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CONFINED SPACE

• SPACES THAT ARE
• NOT DESIGNED FOR ROUTINE OCCUPANCY
• LIMITED OR RESTRICTED MEANS FOR ENTRY OR EXIT

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CONFINED SPACE

• PERSONNEL CAN ENTER TO PERFORM ASSIGNED
  JOB-RELATED TASKS

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ENTRY

• ANY PART OF THE ENTRANTS BODY THAT BREAKS THE
  PLANE OF AN OPENING TO A PERMIT-REQUIRED
  CONFINED SPACE

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HAZARDOUS ATMOSPHERE
Atmosphere that may expose employees to the risk
of death, incapacitation, impairment of ability
to self-rescue, injury or acute illness from one
or more of the following
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HAZARDOUS ATMOSPHERE

• Flammable gas, vapor or mist in excess of 10 of
  its lower explosive limit
• Airborne combustible dust at a concentration that
  meets or exceeds its lower explosive limit

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HAZARDOUS ATMOSPHERE

• Atmospheric oxygen concentration below 19.5 or
  above 23.5
• A concentration of any substance that exceeds the
  permissible exposure limits

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HOT WORK PERMIT

• EMPLOYERS WRITTEN AUTHORIZATION TO PERFORM
  OPERATIONS CAPABLE OF PROVIDING A SOURCE OF
  IGNITION
• (for example riveting, welding, cutting,
  burning and heating)

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IDLH

• Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health
• Any condition that poses an immediate or delayed
  threat to life or that would cause irreversible
  adverse health effects

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NON-PERMIT CONFINED SPACE

• A confined space that does not contain or have
  the potential to contain any hazard capable of
  causing death or serious physical harm

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OXYGEN DEFICIENT ATMOSPHERE

• ATMOSPHERE CONTAINING LESS THAN 19.5 OXYGEN
  DEATH CAN OCCUR

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OXYGEN ENRICHED ATMOSPHERE

• ATMOSPHERE CONTAINING MORE THAN 23.5 OXYGEN
  DEATH CAN OCCUR

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PERMIT-REQUIRED CONFINED SPACE

• This is a space that contains one or more of the
  following characteristics
• Contains or has the potential to contain a
  hazardous atmosphere
• Contains a material that has the potential for
  engulfing an entrant
• Has an internal configuration that could trap or
  asphyxiate an entrant
• Contains any other recognized serious safety or
  health hazard

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ENTRY SUPERVISOR

• AN INDIVIDUAL (SUCH AS FOREMAN, OIC, CHIEF, ETC.)
  RESPONSIBLE FOR
• DETERMINING IF ACCEPTABLE ENTRY CONDITIONS ARE
  PRESENT
• AUTHORIZING ENTRY
• OVERSEEING ENTRY OPERATIONS

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AUTHORIZED ENTRANT

• AN EMPLOYEE WHO IS AUTHORIZED BY THE EMPLOYER TO
  ENTER A PERMIT SPACE

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ATTENDANT

• AN INDIVIDUAL STATIONED OUTSIDE ONE OR MORE
  PERMIT SPACES WHO MONITORS THE AUTHORIZED
  ENTRANTS AND WHO PERFORMS ALL ATTENDANTS DUTIES
  ASSIGNED IN THE WRITTEN PERMIT SPACE PROGRAM

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DUTIES OF ASSIGNED INDIVIDUALS
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Entry Supervisor's Duties

• Knows the hazards that may be faced during entry
• Verifies by checking that the appropriate tests
  specified by the permit have been conducted

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Entry Supervisor's Duties

• Ensures all procedures and equipment specified by
  the permit are in place
• Terminates the entry and cancels the permit as
  required

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Entry Supervisor's Duties

• Verifies rescue services are available and means
  for summoning them are operable
• Removes unauthorized personnel who attempt to
  enter the permit space
• Ensures entry operations remain consistent with
  terms of the entry permit

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Authorized Entrant's Duties

• Know the hazards that may be faced during entry
• Properly use equipment (i.e. testing,
  ventilating, communications, PPE, lighting,
  barriers, rescue and emergency)

• Communicate with attendants as necessary
• Alert attendant when
• He/she recognizes any warning sign or symptom of
  exposure
• He/she detects a prohibited condition

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Authorized Entrant's Duties

• Exit from the permit space as quickly as possible
  whenever

• An order to evacuate is given
• He/she recognizes any warning sign or symptom of
  exposure
• He/she detects a prohibited condition
• An evacuation alarm is activated

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Attendant's Duties

• Knows hazards that may be faced during entry
• Is aware of possible behavioral effects of
  exposure in authorized entrants
• Continuously maintains an accurate count of
  authorized entrants

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Attendant's Duties

• Remains outside the permit space during entry
  operations
• Ensures that the means used to identify
  authorized entrants accurately identifies who is
  in the permit space
• Communicates with authorized entrants to monitor
  entrant status
• Alert entrants of the need to evacuate space if
  needed

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Attendant's Duties

• Detection of a prohibited condition
• If the authorized entrant exhibits behavioral
  changes
• Detection outside the space that could endanger
  the authorized entrants
• If the attendant cannot effectively and safety
  perform all of his/her duties

• Monitors activities inside and outside the space
  to determine if it is safe for entrants to remain
  in space and orders authorized entrants to
  evaluate the permit space immediately under any
  of the following conditions

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PERMIT

• ONE COPY TO BE POSTED AT THE PRIMARY ENTRANCE TO
  THE SPACE
• ONE COPY TO BE POSTED AT ALL OTHER ENTRY POINTS
  WHICH ARE OPEN AND ACCESSIBLE TO PERSONNEL

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TRAINING REQUIREMENTS

• Qualified persons using direct reading
  instruments are required to be trained in
• Calibrating and using monitoring equipment
• Determining appropriate engineering methods to
  eliminate hazards
• Determining severity of hazards
• Developing entry plan
• How to train entrants and attendants and
  supervisors

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CONFINED SPACE EMERGENCIES
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CONFINED SPACE EMERGENCIES (CONT)

• DO NOT ENTER THE SPACE TO SAVE THE VICTIM!!
• REMOVE/HOIST PERSONNEL BY LIFELINE WHEN AVAILABLE
  
• CALL EMERGENCY RESCUE IMMEDIATELY

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CONFINED SPACE EMERGENCIES (CONT)

• STATE THAT A CONFINED SPACE EMERGENCY HAS
  OCCURRED
• GIVE SPECIFIC LOCATION AND ANY OTHER PERTINENT
  INFORMATION
• REQUEST EMERGENCY RESPONSE TEAM

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QUESTIONS

• IF YOU DO HAVE A CONFINED SPACE OR A PERMIT
  REQUIRED CONFINED SPACE AND NEED HELP, CONTACT
  YOUR
• REGIONAL SAFETY MANAGER