(Rothrock, Yu, and Maykut 1999)

1
Observed changes in Arctic sea-ice cover
(Rothrock, Yu, and Maykut 1999)
2
Sea-ice and carbon cycle
(Fletcher, Gruber, et al., submitted)
(Sarmiento and Gruber 2003)
3
Sea-ice data products at NSIDC
4
Ocean and sea-ice state estimation for CLIVAR
Considerable effort has been expended by NASA,
NOAA, and by other agencies in the generation and
distribution of high-quality, polar data
sets. But application of these in support of
global climate modeling is still at a relatively
early stage. Need to improve the representation
of sea-ice processes in global climate models.

• Incorporate interactive sea-ice model and sea-ice
  constraints in global ocean state estimation
  studies.
• Use sea-ice data and rigorous estimation
  methodologies to calibrate coupled
  ocean-atmosphere-land-ice climate models.
• Quantify climate uncertainties due to sea-ice and
  other high-latitude processes.

Efforts towards direct observation of sea-ice
thickness from space, an integrated measure of
polar aspects of global warming and cyclic
processes, need to be continued and encouraged.