Today

1
Today
CS 321 Human-Computer Interaction

• Modeling Interpretation (Ctd)

Reading CD Ch.s 5, 6, 7
Next time

• Interpretation
• Brainstorming
• Consolidation

2
Teamwork Working-on-the-Wall

• Models are created as a team as opposed to a
  division of labor approach
• Working-on-the-Wall
• Everyone contributes
• Enhances group commitment
• Drives the team consensus
• Put Models up Each Team Meeting
• Team is immersed in the data

3
Interpretation Session

• One set of models for each user interviewed
• Focus on one customer at a time
• Roles Process
• Interviewer uses field notes to walk the team
  through the interview/observation
• Work modelers construct the models while the
  session is going on
• Participants raise the questions and make
  suggestions about the models construction
• Moderator keeps the session on focus and makes
  sure everyone has an opportunity to contribute
• Recorder keeps track of questions, insights, and
  design ideas
• Rat-hole watcher

4
Types of Work Models

• Flow Model
• Communication Coordination
• Sequence Model
• Detailed work steps
• Artifact Model
• Physical elements created to support work
• Culture model
• Constraints created by policy, culture, values
• Physical Model
• Physical structure of work environment

5
The Flow Model

• How peoples roles are defined and how they
  communicate/coordinate
• Pattern of work
• Elements of the Language
• Individuals
• Person or group, annotated with the roles they
  play (interviewee is noted with a number title)
• Bubbles
• Responsibilities
• List of expectations
• Placed in bubble
• Flow
• Communication
• Arrows

6
The Flow Model

• Elements of Language (cont.)
• Artifacts
• Items created to support the work
• Boxes on flow
• Communication topic
• Details of flow
• Listed on arrows
• Places
• Areas where work gets done. Shown only when it
  is central to the flow
• Large Box annotated with name and activity
• Breakdowns
• Problems on flow
• Large Lightning Bolt

7
Flow Model Example
8
The Sequence Model

• Steps by which work is done, triggers that
  activate steps, and intents hat are being
  accomplished.
• Pattern of work
• Elements
• Intent Expectations of sequence
• Trigger What activates the sequence
• Steps Actions taken
• Order Arrows, loops, branches, connecting steps
• Breakdowns Problems in performing the steps

9
Sequence Model Example
Trigger Return to the office Scan Message list
for important message Use sender
subject Choose urgent message Read message
about unhappy user Decide more info needed Make
phone call Leave phone message File in phone
folder See list of messages Choose message 9
subject indicates University news relevant to
department Read message Delete message See
message 10 automatically Read message 10
Intent Plug in
Intent Handle emergencies
Had to put off issue of unhappy user
Intent Get back to people easily
10
The Artifact Model

• Artifacts are items used to support the work.
  They have structure, content, usage, and intent
• An artifact model is a drawing, photocopy, or
  actual artifact annotated with details
• Elements
• Information Content
• Parts Which are distinct in their usage
• Structure of parts, explicit and implicit
• Annotations of informal usage
• Presentation form of content when it is
  integral to function
• Usage when is it created, how it is used, how
  people move through its parts
• Breakdowns Problems in using the artifact

11
Artifact Model Example
12
The Cultural Model

• Cultural context is the mindset that people
  operate within and that plays a part in
  everything they do p.108
• Defines expectations, desires, and values
• Written and unwritten policies
• Elements
• Influences
• affect and constrain work (Bubbles)
• Extent
• the effect on the work (Bubble overlap)
• Influence
• direction of influence (Arrows)

13
Cultural Model Example
Influencers
14
Physical Model Example

• Elements
• Places where work is done
• Structures that define spaces
• Usage and movement within the space
• Communication lines
• Layout of artifacts/tools