Robots, Androids, AI

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Robots, Androids, AI

• My logic is undeniable.

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I, Robot

• The International Organization for
  Standardization gives a definition of robot in
  ISO 8373 an automatically controlled,
  reprogrammable, multipurpose, manipulator
  programmable in three or more axes, which may be
  either fixed in place or mobile for use in
  industrial automation applications.
• The Robotics Institute of America (RIA) uses a
  broader definition a robot is a re-programmable
  multi-functional manipulator designed to move
  materials, parts, tools, or specialized devices
  through variable programmed motions for the
  performance of a variety of tasks".

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Once upon a time

• Likely fictional the Iliad illustrates the
  concept of robotics by stating that the god
  Hephaestus made talking mechanical handmaidens
  out of gold.
• Around 400 BC, Archytas of Tarentum is reputed to
  have built a mechanical pigeon, possibly powered
  by steam, capable of flying.
• Leonardo Da Vinci designed a humanoid automaton
  in knight's armor (Leonardo's robot) in 1495 to
  entertain, but it is not known if the design was
  ever built.

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Robot? Never heard of it.

• The word robot was popularized by Czech author
  Karel Capek in his 1921 play R.U.R. (Rossum's
  Universal Robots). According to Karel, his
  brother Josef was the actual inventor of the word
  robot, creating the word from the Czech word
  robota, meaning servitude.
• In 1926, Fritz Lang's Metropolis was released
  Maria (a main character) was the first robot seen
  on film.
• The world's first robot, a humanoid named Televox
  operated through the telephone system, was
  constructed in the United States in 1927.
• In 1928, Makoto Nishimura produced Japan's first
  robot, Gakutensoku.

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Lets Make Robots

• The first electronic autonomous robots were
  created by William Grey Walter of the Burden
  Neurological Institute at Bristol, England in
  1948 and 1949. They were named Elmer and Elsie.
  These robots could sense light and contact with
  external objects, and use these stimuli to
  navigate.
• The first truly modern robot, digitally operated
  and programmable, was invented by George Devol in
  1954 and was ultimately called the Unimate. Devol
  sold the first Unimate to General Motors in 1960,
  and it was installed in 1961 in a plant in
  Trenton, New Jersey to lift hot pieces of metal
  from a die casting machine and stack them.

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The Robots are coming

• In 1984 Wabot-2 was revealed capable of playing
  the organ, Wabot-2 had 10 fingers and two feet.
  Wabot-2 was able to read a score of music and
  accompany a person.
• In 1999, Sony introduced the AIBO, a robotic dog
  capable of interacting with humans, the first
  models released in Japan sold out in 20 minutes.
• Honda revealed the most advanced result of their
  humanoid project in 2000, named ASIMO. ASIMO is
  capable of running, walking, communication with
  humans, facial and environmental recognition,
  voice and posture recognition, and interacting
  with its environment.

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Robot Work

• Robots can be placed into roughly two
  classifications based on the type of job they do.
  
• The first category includes tasks which a robot
  can do better than a human. Here, robots can
  increase productivity, accuracy, and endurance.
  (In 2006, there were an estimated 3,540,000
  service robots in use, and an estimated 950,000
  industrial robots.)
• The second category consists of dirty, dangerous
  or dull jobs where it is desirable to replace
  human labor with robotics. (There are many jobs
  which humans would rather leave to robots. The
  job may be boring, such as domestic cleaning, or
  dangerous, such as exploring inside a volcano.
  Other jobs are physically inaccessible, such as
  exploring another planet, cleaning the inside of
  a long pipe, or performing laparoscopic surgery.)

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Robot Stories

• The most prolific author of stories about robots
  was Isaac Asimov (19201992), who placed robots
  and their interaction with society at the center
  of many of his works.
• Asimov carefully considered the problem of the
  ideal set of instructions robots might be given
  in order to lower the risk to humans, and arrived
  at his Three Laws of Robotics
• a robot may not injure a human being or, through
  inaction, allow a human being to come to harm
• a robot must obey orders given to it by human
  beings, except where such orders would conflict
  with the First Law
• a robot must protect its own existence as long as
  such protection does not conflict with the First
  or Second Law.
• Later, Asimov added the Zeroth Law A robot may
  not harm humanity, or, by inaction, allow
  humanity to come to harm the rest of the laws
  are modified sequentially to acknowledge this.

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I want to be human

• An android is a robot or synthetic organism
  designed to look and act human.
• A cyborg is a cybernetic organism (an organism
  that has both artificial and natural systems).
• A gynoid is a humanoid robot designed to look
  like a human female.

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• Artificial intelligence (AI) is the intelligence
  of machines and the branch of computer science
  which aims to create it.
• Major AI textbooks define the field as the study
  and design of intelligent agents, where an
  intelligent agent is a system that perceives its
  environment and takes actions which maximize its
  chances of success.
• John McCarthy, who coined the term in 1956,
  defines it as the science and engineering of
  making intelligent machines.
• Artificial intelligence is used for logistics,
  data mining, medical diagnosis and many other
  areas throughout the technology industry.

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These aren't the droids you're looking for
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Can I keep it?

• Robots at work
• Robots at home
• Movies
• Sci-fi
• Books
• Etc

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Thank you for your attention