CS 100 Exam I Review

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CS 100 Exam I Review
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Lecture 1

• How Computers Work
• Get Information Modify It, Put it back

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Lecture 2

• Any physical phenomenon that has two states can
  be used to store a binary number
• What are some examples?
• What is a bit?
• What is a byte?
• Convert from binary to decimal
• In multiple choice exams this helps you convert
  from decimal to binary
• How many different numbers can be represented
  using n bits? (2n)
• What is the largest number that can be stored in
  n bits? (2n 1) be careful with this one
• How many bits does it take to store the integer
  i?
• Integers and Integer expressions
• Include negative numbers
• Floating Point Numbers
• Stored with sign, fraction, exponent
• Booleans (true, false)
• Boolean expressions (lt, lt, !, , gt, gt, NOT,
  AND, OR)

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Lecture 2 (Continued)

• Kilo, Mega, Giga
• Characters
• Binary encoding
• Ascending order, Upper case is smaller than Lower
  case (by 32)
• Comparison
• Is a lt A?
• Expressions with characters (, -, lt, gt)
• Difference between digit 1 and number 1
• Why do we use Unicode?
• How many bytes is a unicode character?
• How many different characters?
• Variables
• Location that contains a value
• Assignment
• Store on left had side
• Retrieve Copy on right hand side
• Variables are not values

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Lecture 3

• Programs
• Sequences of statements any kind of statement
• Types of statements
• The assignment statement
• Compound Statement ( )
• Define Scope
• Conditionals or if statements
• If then
• If then else
• Iteration or loops
• For (initialization, loop continuation, loop
  progress)
• For (I 0 I lt 10 i)
• What is Scope

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Lecture 3 (continued)

• Arrays
• One name
• Sequence of items all of same type
• Accessed by 0-based index use of and
• Multi-dimensioned
• First index is row, second is column
• Examples
• Strings are arrays of characters
• Backslash and strings
• Sound
• Images are 2D arrays
• Disk File

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Lecture 4

• Loops or Iteration
• Be able to read and understand code examples with
  loops
• Be sure you are comfortable with nested loops
• Write a loop that converts all upper case letters
  to lower case
• Trace code
• Records
• Collection of named things
• How do we access the field of records?
• Trees
• Root, Node, Leaf, Path
• How do you access a path in a tree
• Examples from Applications (e.g. Menues)

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Lecture 5

• The internet a way to send an array of bytes
  from one machine to another
• IP address 4 bytes
• Domain Names
• As a path in a tree
• Servers and Clients
• Give examples, recognize examples
• What is a protocol
• What is a URL
• Protocol
• Domain Name,
• Page Name
• A path in the directory structure of server
  (think of it as a tree)

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Lecture 6

• HTML -- Hypertext Markup Language
• Text files
• With suffix html (or htm)
• Use text editor to edit (notepad)
• Edit, Store on Server, Display or Refresh From
  Client using URL
• Multiple lines
• Tags
• lthtmlgtlt/htmlgt
• ltbgt lt/bgt
• ltpgt lt/pgt
• ltigt lt/igt
• ltulgt lt/ulgt
• ltligt lt/ligt
• ltimg srcsource /gt
• lta hrefsource gttextlt/agt
• Source of ltimggt and ltagt tags
• URL
• Local file relative to current directory

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Lecture 7

• Spreadsheets
• The table and mapping it to an array
• Cells
• Translate cell reference B2 to 2nd array index
• Entering text and numbers
• Formulas starts with sign
• It is an assignment statement
• Automatic recomputation of formulas
• When?
• Overflow and Underflow

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Lecture 8

• Formatting Spreadsheets
• Bold, Italics, Underline (using booleans)
• Left, Right, and Center alignment (why one value)
• Font name and size
• Cell background color and text color
• How is all of this information stored as a
  record?
• Number formatting (Currency, Percentage, Comma
  separated numbers, Decimals)
• Dates
• Adding, Subtracting, and Comparing
• Editing
• Cut, Copy, Paste
• Formulas preserve relative cell references
• Adding Rows and Columns
• Which formulas does it adjust and how?
• Spreadsheet functions
• Take 0 or more arguments and returns a value
• Finding them
• How many and what parameters
• MIN, MAX, SQRT, SUM, AVERAGE, TODAY, SINE

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Lecture 9

• Spreadsheet functions
• Finding them
• How many and what parameters
• How to get help
• Programs behind Functions
• Sum (read or trace)
• Count (read or trace)
• Average (read or trace)
• Other functions MIN, MAX, STDEV, MEDIAN
• IF function
• And function
• Nesting of and inside IF function
• Write a upper case to lower case conversion
  function

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Lecture 10

• Data Management Functions
• INDEX returns value
• MATCH returns row
• VLOOPUP return value
• SUMIF selective summation
• Sorting keys
• Charts
• Spreadsheet Review
• Spreadsheet is an array of values and expressions
• Reevaluate every expression for every change
  (until no change)
• Number overflow/underflow
• Functions - name(arg1, arg2, arg3)
• Array functions - sum, average, count
• Data functions INDEX, MATCH, VLOOKUP
• Sorting
• Charts

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Other Notes

• Recognize negative multiple choice
• e.g. which of the following is NOT a
• Be able to follow programs
• With loops in loops
• With if in loops
• With loops in if
• Map graphics to concepts
• What does given html code look like
• What is the result of a spreadsheet function
• Be sure to consider nested functions
• Be able to write a spreadsheet function
• What is a home page