An Integrated Approach to the Phylogeny of Dinoflagellates

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An Integrated Approach to the Phylogeny of
Dinoflagellates

• Charles F. Delwiche - PI, U. Maryland
• D. Wayne Coats - co-PI, SERC
• Senjie Lin - co-PI, U. Connecticut
• Brian Leander - Collaborator, UBC
• Martin Head - Collaborator, Brock U.

Eliot Herman
ATOL New Orleans March 2008
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The Team

• University of Maryland
• Charles F. Delwiche - PI
• Sara Handy - Postdoc
• John Miller - Grad
• Gregg Mendez - Grad
• Smithsonian Environmental Research Center
• D. Wayne Coats - co-PI,
• Tsetso Bachvaroff - Postdoc
• Sunju Kim - Collaborating Postdoc
• U. Connecticut
• Senjie Lin - co-PI
• Huan Zhang - collaborator
• University of British Columbia
• Brian Leander - Collaborator
• Mona Hoppenrath - Postdoc, collaborator
• Aiko Yamaguchi - Postdoc
• Brock University
• Martin Head - Collaborator

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Baldauf, S.L. 2003 Science 3001703
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Cingulum
Plastid
N
Peduncle
Flagella
Sulcus
Peridinium
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Protoperidinium elegans
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Ornithocercus
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Dubosquella infecting Favella
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F.J.R. (Max) Taylors Proposal
Taylor FJR (1989) Dinoflagellate Morphology. In
FJR Taylor, ed, The Biology of Dinoflagellates.
Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, pp
24-91
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Fensome, 1993, 1996
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Dinoflagellate species
Suessia
Triaromatic Dinosteroids
Acritarch Spp.
Collaboration with Martin Head (Brock)
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Objectives

• SSU rDNA
• EF1-alpha
• alpha tubulin
• beta tubulin
• RPB1
• HSP 70
• HSP 90
• cob
• cox2
• RPB2
• RAD51
• vATPase
• pcna
• elF5A
• cytC
• centrin

• 100 taxa
• Photosynthetic and non-photosynthetic
• Spanning entire lineage
• 10 genes, mostly nuclear protein-coding
• Perhaps including...

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Erythropsodinium
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Species diversity and phylogenetic analysis of
natural dinoflagellate assemblages

• Senjie Lin
• Department of Marine Sciences
• University of Connecticut

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Approach

• Uncultured assemblages (mainly lt5 µm)
• PCR-based cloning and sequencing
• Dinoflagellate-specific 18S rDNA PCR
• Dinoflagellate-specific cDNA for protein genes
• Phylogenetic analyses to identify previously
  known as well as novel lineages of
  dinoflagellates
• Statistical analysis on dinoflagellate diversity

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Study sites
Atlantic Ocean Long Island (USA) Florida
(USA) Gulf of Mexico (USA) Baltic Sea
(Sweden) Pacific Ocean San Diego (USA) San
Francisco (USA) East China Sea South China
Sea Great Barrier Reef (Australia) Indian
Ocean ??
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Experimental procedure
Sampling on-site processing
DNA
18S rDNA
DinoSL
Protein genes
aaaaa
mRNA
50-100 clones per sample
Phylogenetic analysis
Data synthesis
BLAST/Alignment
Sequencing
Fig. 2. Flow chart of the procedure in this
study.
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End
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Acknowledgments Martek Kirk Apt Casey
Lippmeier Dino EST Eliot Herman
David Morse Dino AToL Wayne Coats (SI) Tsetso
Bachvaroff (SI) Brian Leander (UBC) Mona
Hoppenrath (UBC) Senjie Lin (U. Conn.) Martin
Head (Brock)
Personnel
Funding
Fulbright Foundation
HHMI
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Actiniscus pentasterias (Ehrenberg) Ehrenberg 1854
(L) http//www.marbot.gu.se/SSS/dinoflagellates/Ac
tiniscus_pentasterias.htm
(R) http//www.univ-rouen.fr/M2C/albums/protistes1
/actiniscaceae.htm
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Abedinium
Kofoidinium
Pomatodinium
Taylor 1987
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Oxyrrhis
Oxyrrhis
David Patterson, Linda Amaral Zettler and
Virginia Edgcomb
http//microscope.mbl.edu/scripts/microscope.php?f
uncimgDetailimageID576
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Perkinsus
DIC
Dapi
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Acritarchs
Servais Et al., 2004
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Fensome 1999 Gunderson 1999
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John, Fensome Medlin 2003
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Another Hypothesis...
Lepidodinium viride
Karenia brevis
(typical)
Modified from Delwiche, C.F., Andersen, R.A.,
Bhattacharya, D., Mishler, B. and McCourt
Richard, M. Algal evolution and the early
radiation of green plants. In Cracraft, J. and
Donoghue, M.J. (Eds.), The Tree of Life. Oxford
University Press, London, 2003.
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Peridinin CP
Diatom (intact)
Haptophyte CP
Yoon et al., 2002
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Eliot Herman
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Akashiwo sanguinea
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Hematodinium
Richard F. Lee
http//www.skio.peachnet.edu/people/lee/images/par
asitelifecycle.jpg
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Fensome Et al., 1999
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Spiniferites bentori (Wall and Dale) Pleistocene-R
ecent Kutai Basin, East Kalimantan, Indonesia
Spniferites ramosus granosus Lentin and
Williams ?Palaeogene? Beryl Field, U.K North Sea
Gonyaulacysta cassidata Sarjeant Early
Aptian-Cenomanian (Cretaceous) Copt Point, S.E
England
Systematophora pencillata Sarjeant Oxfordian-Upper
Kimmeridgian (Upper Jurassic) Outer Moray Firth
Basin, North Sea
http//www.ucl.ac.uk/GeolSci/micropal/dinoflagella
te.html
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The Delwiche Lab, Past, Present, and Future

• Graduate Students
• Dr. Tsvetan Bachvaroff
• Dr. Matthew Cimino
• John Hall
• Dr. Malin Kerr
• Dr. Kenneth Karol
• Jeff Lewandowski, M.S.
• Virginia Sanchez Puerta
• Undergraduates
• Greg Concepcion
• Gabe Hoffman
• Jill Ricker
• Carolyn Rogers
• Steve Snyder
• Mike Wittig

Collaborators Ole Dahlberg Beth Gantt
Eliot Herman Kjetill Jakobsen David Morse
David Oldach Rob Rowan Torstein Tengs
Alfred P. Sloan Foundation
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URLS
http//www.nmnh.si.edu/highlight/sem/highlight/din
os/17.htm
http//www.marbot.gu.se/SSS/dinoflagellates/Actini
scus_pentasterias.htm
http//www.univ-rouen.fr/M2C/albums/protistes1/act
iniscaceae.htm
http//www.skio.peachnet.edu/people/lee/images/par
asitelifecycle.jpg
http//microscope.mbl.edu/scripts/microscope.php?f
uncimgDetailimageID576
http//www.ucl.ac.uk/GeolSci/micropal/dinoflagella
te.html