Graphics card

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Graphics card
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Graphics Card

• The graphics card can show the result comes out
  the computer calculation on the display.
• Before early very much, all painting works are
  calculated by CPU
• But because of carrying too works so the part
  that painting now moves to the GPU which on the
  graphics card to calculate

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Main factor of graphics card
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GPU

• Graphic processing unit is the core of the
  display card
• Measuring the graphic processing unit is main to
  see the ability it has of the 2D/3D sketch
  processing, the data frequency of the graphic
  processing unit engine, the frequency and the
  capacity of the graphics memory, the internal
  RAMDAC clock, support of the sketch application
  programming interface (API) category and chip
  produces manufacturing process technique etc...

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Graphics memory

• The graphics memory in the display card mainly
  uses to save temporary that the data has been
  handled by GPU
• Measuring a graphics memory contain the data
  access velocity (can use the clock indicates) and
  graphics memory capacity.
• The access velocity usually indicates with nano
  second (nano1/1,000,000,000). Graphics memory
  capacity uses MB to indicate

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RAMDAC

• The RAMDAC is the device that converts the
  digital data to the D-Sub outlet.
• The enough high clock of RAMDAC can converts more
  manifestation signals in the unit time.

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Outlet
DVI
D-Sub
TV-Out
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D-Sub

• It also call VGA
• It is the outlet for the traditional display
  (CRT). It deliver data in analog way. Because the
  data deliver by this kind of outlet should be
  converted the digital data into analog way so it
  will cause some lost of detail when images show
  on the display.

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DVI

• In the past, graphics card was always with D-sub
  outlet, so signal has to through many
  conversions, and cause some losses of picture
  details inevitably. The Digital Visual Interface
  (DVI) which can deliver data with digital, so the
  display receive in digital way, and neednt pass
  by any conversion. That guaranteed the picture
  come out of calculator emersion completely, and
  it will be the main current of the future
  development.

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TV-Out

• The outlet that can connect to the S-Video outlet
  that on TV.

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What will affect the efficiencyof the graphics
card?
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Pixel pipelines and the clock of GPU

• It is main influence the rate to manage pixels.
• This is the basic efficiency of the graphics
  card.
• The pipeline quantity multiple clock is the most
  basic efficiency in this graphics card.

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The born rate of polygons

• Will influence. But the viewpoint of its
  important degree is different to everyone.
  Although the game designer inclines toward to use
  a great deal of material picture to reduce the
  quantity of polygon, but manufactories still do
  lots of efforts under this part

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The memory bandwidth and the aperture

• The memory bandwidththe clock of the
  memorymemory channel/8
• Currently, most of the graphics card will
  compress the data to decrease the usage of the
  memory bandwidth

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Graphics card memory capacities

• Graphics memory is an area that saves temporary,
  and to save the related image data.

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Drives

• For example, the driver of NVIDIA. Whenever it
  announces new driver, it can make the graphics
  cards efficiency promotes. But in fact this just
  lets the display card developed its efficiency as
  far as possible

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The brand of GPU

• Because now the productiveness of graphics card
  is that manufacturers buy the GPU and do another
  part by themselves so the brand different of
  graphics card is mainly on the GPU.

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NVIDIA
ATI
Above are the two main brand of GPU
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Display
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Display

• The device that transfer data into images which
  be calculate by the graphics card or CPU.

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CRT(Cathode Ray Tube)

• It is the tradition type of monitor.
• There are three electron guns that control the
  display of red, green and blue light .At the back
  of the monitor is a set of electron guns, which
  produce a controlled stream of electrons. To
  produce a picture on the screen, these guns start
  at the top of the screen and scan very rapidly
  from left to right. Then, they return to the
  left-most position one line down and scan again,
  and repeat this to cover the entire screen.

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LCD Technology in Brief

• LCDs are made from liquid crystals. When liquid
  crystals are inserted between alignment layers,
  they line up with the grooves of the layers.
  Light then follows the direction in witch the
  liquid crystal molecules are arranged. When an
  electrical charge is applies, the molecules
  re-arrange themselves in a vertical pattern and
  light passes through without being twisted.
• A combination of polarizing filters along with
  alignment layers and liquid crystal molecules
  form a liquid crystal display. Two types of drive
  panels are used to control an LCD, active and
  passive. An active matrix display contains a
  transistor while a passive one does not.

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