Topic: The Basic Ground Source Heat Pump

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Introduction

• Topic The Basic Ground Source Heat Pump
• Name Matthew Stoangi
• Objective
• To provide a clear understanding of the
  mechanics involved in the basic function of a
  typical closed loop ground source heat pump.

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Heat Pump Defined

• Formal Definition
• A heat pump is a machine which moves heat from a
  low temperature reservoir to a higher temperature
  reservoir under supply of work.
• Wikipedia Encyclopedia
• Basic Definition
• Heat naturally flows from places of high
  temperature to low temperature
• Heat pumps function by manipulating this process.
  They apply a relatively small amount of input
  energy to transfer heat into or out of a desired
  location according to the ambient temperature
  requirements

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Operation Summary

• There are three basic components of any heat pump
  system
• The Heat Pump Unit
• The unit which governs the flow of heat. It
  contains the compressor and the input and output
  exchange coils.
• The Heated Space
• A body of space, usually a building or room,
  that needs to be either heated or cooled with
  respect to the external temperature.
• The Surroundings
• A body of space, which is the ground in a
  grounds source system, that either donates or
  accepts heat flow depending on the season and
  type of use.

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Surroundings Unit Heated Space
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Operation Summary

• Typical Closed Loop System
• Water or antifreeze solution is circulated
  through a closed system of pipes buried beneath
  the earth's surface
• Heating Fluid collects heat from the earth and
  carries it to the unit where it is transferred to
  the building
• Cooling The unit pulls heat from the building
  and transfers it to the fluid which discharges it
  into the ground

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Heat Transfer

• All heat transfer is performed by use of a
  refrigeration cycle consisting of a single
  compressor and two heat exchangers
• Total of three closed loop systems in operation
  (Input, Refrigerant, Output)
• The controlled compression and expansion of the
  refrigerant provides the ability to transfer the
  heat across the unit from the two separate
  systems
• Refrigerant may flow in both forward and reverse
  directions to provide both a heating and a
  cooling mode

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• Heating
• The building is heated by pumping heat absorbed
  from the surroundings into the building or room
  to maintain the desired level of heat

• Cooling
• The building is cooled by pumping heat from the
  space into the surroundings

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Conclusion
In conclusion, a basic ground source heat pump
functions using the properties of refrigeration
to transfer heat between the earth and a volume
of enclosed space. The resulting heat transfer
link is very efficient and allows for a
controlled flow of energy between the two
separate systems. It is this link that makes the
heat pump an effective device for use in both the
heating and cooling of most residential or
commercial spaces.
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References

• http//www.southeasternelectric.com/
• http//www.earthwisescotland.co.uk/
• http//en.wikipedia.org/
• http//www.geoexchange.org/