Components of a Computer System

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Components of a Computer System
Lesson 17 Modes Of Use
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Learning Objectives

• Define Modes of Use / Operation.
• Define and understand the differences between
  batch processing, on-line processing and realtime
  processing.
• Have an understanding of a wider range of
  work-related IT applications and their effects.

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There are 2 main types of software
Carries out some task/s for the user allowing the
user to produce something useful.
Performs tasks needed to just run the computer
system. Without system software application
software could not run.
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Modes of Use / Operation

• The first kinds of operating system could only do
  one task at a time for one user.
• Then other operating systems came out that could
  work in other ways or modes.

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Modes of Use / Operation

• Some books classify modes of use / operation as
  different types of operating systems.
• However, modern operating systems can work in a
  multitude of different modes.
• So it is best to think of Modes of Use as the
  different ways or modes operating systems can
  work in.

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On-line Processing
Click a mode for more information.
Instructions
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On-line processing

• User has direct contact with processor.
• Input data is acted upon immediately and files
  updated immediately.
• Used when
• Processor needs to be constantly ready to receive
  input.
• Justified by
• Explaining why processor needs to be constantly
  ready to receive input.

Examples
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Examples of On-line processingReal Time
(Transaction)
As soon as a transaction is received by the
computer, it is processed and any data files are
updated.

• Cash withdrawals from
• ATMs
• EFT
• EFTPOS systems

• Booking systems
• Air ticket
• Holiday
• Theatre
• Cinema

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Real-time processing

• Any control system which uses sensors requiring
  immediate response at the time of input, quickly
  enough to affect the next input.
• Is by definition also on-line.
• Used because a system must react immediately when
  input from a sensor is received as a delay is
  unacceptable.
• Justified by
• Explaining what action must be taken immediately
  and why a delay is unacceptable.

Examples
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Examples of Real-time processing
Any control system requiring immediate response
or safety critical system.

• Air traffic control
• Real-time banking
• Any safety critical systems
• Games / simulations.

• rockets fired onto space, robots
• computer controlled
• air conditioning
• central heating
• burglar alarm
• greenhouses etc.

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Batch processing

• Collect data together before being processed.
• Data is processed in one go.

Off-line processing

• User cannot communicate directly with processor.

Used When
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Batch and Offline processing is used when

• Batch
• Large amounts of data to be processed that will
  take a long time to complete.
• Data processing of similar type.
• Processor time is available in quiet time.
• Off-line
• No human intervention required.

Examples
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Example uses of Batch and Off-line processing

• The processing of
• Bank cheques
• Payroll
• Non-automatic stock control systems
• Utility billing.

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Modes Of Use

• Students -- ICT -- IGCSE -- Computer System -- 9
  Software (Modes of Use).
• Follow its instructions.

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Plenary

• What are Modes of Use / Operation?
• The different ways or modes an operating system
  can work in.

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Plenary

• What is on-line, real-time, batch and off-line
  processing?
• On-line processing
• User cannot communicate directly with processor.
• Real-time processing
• Data received is processed quickly enough to
  effect the next input.
• Batch and Off-line processing
• Collects data together before being processed
• User cannot communicate directly with processor

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Plenary

• When are on-line, real-time, batch and off-line
  processing used?

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Examples of On-line processing

• Cash withdrawals from
• ATMs
• EFT
• EFTPOS systems

• Booking systems
• Air ticket
• Holiday
• Theatre
• Cinema

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Examples of Real-time processing
Any control system requiring immediate response
or safety critical system.

• Air traffic control
• Real-time banking
• Any safety critical systems
• Games / simulations.

• rockets fired onto space, robots
• computer controlled
• air conditioning
• central heating
• burglar alarm
• greenhouses etc.

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Example uses of Batch and Off-line processing

• The processing of
• Bank cheques
• Payroll
• Non-automatic stock control systems
• Utility billing.

Back