Table Game Hold as a Management Tool

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Table Game Hold as a Management Tool
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Traditional Uses of Hold

• Attempt to identify good or bad casino
  management.
• Attempt to identify theft.

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Compared to Slot Hold

• In slots, we KNOW the total amount wagered.
• In slots, we KNOW the casino advantage.
• Slot hold can indicate a problem.

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Compared to Manufacturing

• We know what machine should be producing.
• We can compare output to determine if machine is
  malfunctioning.
• In tables, we have NO idea of what machine is
  trying to produce.

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Formula

• Win ? Drop Hold

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And Represents

• Percentage of chips purchased by customer that is
  won back by house.
• If customer purchases 100 in chips and leaves
  the game with 80 in chips, the casino held 20

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And Means

• Total bets made per dollar dropped.
• If casino holds 16 at single zero roulette, then
  each dollar dropped generates 16 in win.
• If casino wins 2.7 per dollar wagered, then each
  dollar dropped is wagered 5.93 times.

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And
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To Increase Hold

• Increase total wagers per dollar dropped.
• OR
• Increase casino advantage while keeping total
  wagers the same.

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Comparing Your Hold to Others

• Casino executives are always comparing their hold
  to other casinos.
• You must be aware of the determinants that
  influence hold.

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Determinants

• Rim Sheets
• Why Graveyard Holds More
• Foreign Gaming Chips
• Marketing Programs/Promo Chips
• Betting of Cash

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• Table Utilization

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4 Players Per Table
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4 Players Per Table
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4 Players Per Table
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4 Players Per Table
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4 Players Per Table
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4 Players Per Table
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4 Players Per Table
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4 Players Per Table
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4 Players Per Table
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4 Players Per Table
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4 Players Per Table
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4 5 Players Per Table
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4 5 Players Per Table
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4 5 Players Per Table
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4 5 Players Per Table
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4 5 Players Per Table
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4 5 Players Per Table
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4 5 Players Per Table
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4 5 Players Per Table
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4 4½ Players Per Table
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4 4½ Players Per Table
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4 4½ Players Per Table
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4 4½ Players Per Table
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4 4½ Players Per Table
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4 4½ Players Per Table
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4 4½ Players Per Table
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Remember
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Drop Side of Equation

• Rim Sheets
• Marketing Programs
• Betting of Cash
• Foreign Chip Policy
• False Drop

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Table Utilization
Player Comfort
Game Speed
Player Skill
Bet to Buy-in
Customer Service
Dealer Efficiency
Rules
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Recommendations

• Maintain hit-less hold
• Track utilization
• Compare months to months, quarters to quarters,
  etc.
• Know what is average and what is unusual

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How Would

• Riverboat 2 hour cruises affect hold?
• Hold change over time where casinos were first
  to open?

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Atlantic City Hold Trend

• Jan 84 thru Dec 89 (6 years)

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How does table utilization affect profit?
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How does table utilization affect profit?

• Would you rather have 1 hundred dollar bettor on
  each of 28 games, OR
• 7 hundred dollar bettors on each of 4 games?

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Cost to operate each table

• Dealers work 60 on and 20 off.
• Dealers earn 50 per shift plus 30 taxes and
  benefits.
• One Floorman per 4 tables who receives one 60 and
  two 20 minute breaks.
• Floorman paid 150 per shift plus 30 taxes and
  benefits.

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Labor Per Table Per Shift

• Dealers 86.67
• Floormen 61.58
• Total Labor 148.25

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Profit
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Profit
Hold
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Profit
Hold
Utilization
80
Profit
Hold
Utilization
Margin
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Profit
Hold
Utilization
Margin