Emerging Technologies for Homeland Security

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Emerging Technologies for Homeland Security
John Stammreich Vice President - Homeland
Security Boeing Phantom Works October 2004
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9/11 Commission Recommendation
Hard choices must be made in allocating limited
resources. The U.S. government should identify
and evaluate the transportation assets that need
to be protected, set risk-based priorities for
defending them, select the most practical and
cost-effective ways of doing so, and then develop
a plan, budget, and funding to implement the
effort. The plan should assign roles and missions
to the relevant authorities (federal, state,
regional, and local) and to private stakeholders.
In measuring effectiveness, perfection is
unattainable. But terrorists should perceive that
potential targets are defended. They may be
deterred by a significant chance of failure."
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Needed Focus

• Balanced, Sensible Approach
• You cant do everything or build a perfect net
• Focus on balancing effectiveness and
  affordability
• Responses should not cause more harm than the
  attack
• Low hanging fruit may have unintended
  consequences
• Proactive vs Reactive
• Detect early
• Quick, coordinated, decisive action
• Contain the threat as far away as possible
• Emphasize Deterrence vs Response
• Actively deter threat rather than wait for it
• Understand what influences and deters the enemy

Requires collaboration and integration of
information and resources
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Threat Deterrence View
Threat is Incentivized
High
Payoff (Symbolic Economic Coercive Value Fac
tors)
Threat is discouraged
Low
Low
High
Downside
(Cost Difficulty Backlash)
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Network Centric Operations
Getting the right information to right elements
at the right time

• Automated cognitive knowledge management
• Interoperability of new legacy systems
• Networked broadband communications
• Visualization software highlights key information
• Effectiveness of the net increases with number of
  sensors (Metcalfs law)

Information access and knowledge
management allows decision making to move from
reactive to proactive
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NCO Enabling Technologies Origins
Commercial
Military
Technologies

• Web portal/ data access
• User customized windows/displays
• Publish/ subscribe infosphere
• Interactive database access
• Database driven displays
• Variable message format
• Information security/ encryption
• Role-based access
• Multi-level security
• Collaborative chat
• Fast contextual search
• Data mining/data correlation engines
• MS-based Decision aids
• Interoperable communications
• Ad hoc mobile networks
• Demand-based comm bandwidth

X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X
X X X X X X X
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Leveraging Commercial Information Technology

• Spiral evolution of existing nets is underway
• Ad hoc systems currently used to navigate around
  existing stovepipes
• Normal requirements/modeling/development chain
  bypassed
• JWID 04 case study , Combatant Commands as early
  adopters
• Enhanced data mining / Information Management
  running commercial industry
• The future
• Swarming nets keep growing
• Threat Correlation, Cognitive Knowledge
  Management / Decision Aids migrating from
  commercial industry
• Natural Selection - Biological vs traditional DoD
  model
• Commercial forces practices will dominate NCO

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Implications for Homeland Security

• Understanding the nature of the threat and
  deterrence are key to affordability.
• The search for the holy grail silver bullet
  sensor is giving way to layered sensors.
• Greatest payoff will be in the area of automated
  cognitive information systems which can share and
  collaborate.
• New HLS capabilities will come from technology
  push rather than requirements pull.
• Improvements in information management and
  collaboration will come from the commercial world
  at their own pace.
• Collaborative capabilities swarming nets and
  mobil ad hoc communications will spontaneously
  break through organizational or cultural barriers.

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Policy Implications

• Complementary advances are being made in both
  Commercial and DoD networked worlds and they are
  bootstrapping each other.
• To achieve the situational and domain awareness
  necessary to contain terrorism, we need to take
  advantage of the natural dynamic of the networked
  world.
• The current top down, scripted architecture
  driven RD development cycle is an artificial
  overlay on net development.
• Spiral evolution, infused with technology
  breakthroughs, is synergistic to the natural
  evolution of the net.

The Net Generation and the net entities they
spawn will collaborate regardless of structure
to achieve success