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Was ist Polio 1

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Title: Was ist Polio 1


1
TRF Tagung 2008
  • POLIO und ROTARY

2
Was ist Polio (1)
  • Virus Infektion mit RNA Picornaviren
  • 3 Typen, keine Kreuzimmunität
  • Fäkal-orale Übertragung unter Menschen
  • Typ 1 3 noch existent
  • Typ 2 seit 1999 nicht mehr nachweisbar

3
Was ist Polio (2)
  • 95 - 99 stumme Infektionen
  • nur max. 1 manifest, davon 5 10 Todesfälle
  • keine medikamentöse Behandlung
  • nur Vorbeugung Impfung (oral, i.m.)

4
Polio 1988
  • Endemisch in 125 Staaten
  • 350 000 Erkrankungen p.a., gt 20 000 Todesfälle

Polio 2007 / 2008
  • gt99 Reduktion der Erkrankungen gt1300, 5
    Todesfälle
  • Endemisch in 4 Staaten Afghanistan, Indien,
    Nigerien, Pakistan
  • Re-Infektionen in 6 Staaten durch Virusimport
  • Chad, Congo, Niger Sudan, Myanmar, Nepal
  • 2007 Impfung v. 400Mio Kindern, 2,3 Mrd.Dosen,
  • 27 Staaten, 0,6 US p. Dosis

5
Risks at end-2006
4 parts of 4 countries were 'stuck'
Remaining endemic countries as of 2002
6
Major Barriers at Feb 2007
Technical inability to interrupt poliovirus
despite very high coverage (i.e. northern
India). Financial inability to maintain US700
million/year expenditure due to limited
progress. Operational chronic failure to reach
gt90 of children in parts of all 4 endemic areas.
7
Type 1 Polio Cases at 1 July 2008
8
Type 3 Polio Cases at 1 July 2008
9
Financial Contributions since 1988 US 6.38
billionand Funding Gap for 2008-2009
G8 51
Domestic Resources 13
Multilateral Sector 14
Non-G8 OECD/ Other 5
2008-9 Funding Gap US 355m of 1.36b budget
Private Sector 17
Other includes the Governments of Angola,
Austria, Australia, Azerbaijan, Belgium, Brunei,
Czech Republic, Cyprus, Finland, Hungary,
Iceland, Ireland, Kuwait, Liechtenstein,
Luxembourg, Malaysia, Malta, Monaco, Namibia, New
Zealand, Nigeria, Oman, Pakistan, Portugal,
Qatar, Republic of Korea, Saudi Arabia,
Singapore, Spain, Switzerland, Turkey, the United
Arab Emirates African Development Bank AG Fund
American Red Cross De Beers, Inter-American
Development Bank, Central Emergency Response Fund
(CERF), International Federation of Red Cross and
Red Crescent Societies, Oil for Food Programme,
OPEC Fund, Sanofi Pasteur Saudi Arabian Red
Crescent Society, Smith Kline Biologicals, UNICEF
National Committees, UNICEF Regular and Other
Resources, United Arab Emirates Red Crescent
Society, WHO Regular Budget and Wyeth.
10
(No Transcript)
11
Polio Ausrottung 2013 erreichbar?
  • Dzt. 179 Staaten ( 86 ) von 206 Staaten als
    poliofrei
  • zertifiziert
  • Erforderliche Mittel 700,0 Mio US p.a.
  • Notwendige Begleitmassnahmen Überwachung,
  • Laborkontrollen, Lager mit mOPV und IPV
  • Harvard-Studie bei vorzeitigem Impfstopp
    vielfache
  • Kosten in 10 Jahren!

12
Polio Eradication Prospects
  • Asia on track to stop type 1 polio in 2008.
  • lt15 cases in each country.
  • no indigenous type 1 for gt12 months in UP, India.
  • all type 1 outbreaks stopped.
  • Africa type 1 will be delayed gt 12 mos.
  • gt300 cases in north Nigeria.
  • 8 countries have ongoing outbreaks.
  • Chad, DRC, Niger SUD/ETH outbreaks gt24 mos.

13
BUT.it is still biologically 'easier' to
eradicate polio in Africa than in Asia (average
number of OPV doses 4 vs. gt8).
14
Key Landmarks at June 2008 India stop Type 1
transmission on track Nigeria lt15 missed
children not on track
15
DG Intensification June 2008 (1)
  • Establishing as 'WHO's top operational priority'
  • directive to all ADGs during June retreat.
  • discussed with RD/AFRO.
  • wrote to all RDs WRs of endemic re-infected
    countries.
  • Enhancing partner commitments
  • discussed with heads of UNICEF, CDC Rotary.
  • conducted joint press conference.
  • Encouraging resource mobilization
  • helped launch Rotary's US100 m Challenge.
  • promoted as top priority during Gates Foundation
    mtgs.
  • G8 advocacy.

16
DG Intensification June 2008 (2)
  • Addressing Nigeria situation
  • wrote to Presidents of Nigeria, Niger and African
    Union.
  • met discussed with UN Secretary-General.
  • requested 4 G8 Heads of State to discuss at
    Summit.
  • requesting follow-up with President at UN in
    September.
  • Encouraging India
  • wrote to CM UP on new importation.
  • writing follow-up to CM Bihar in advance of flood
    season.
  • Pakistan Afghanistan
  • writing to new Prime Minister following
    'emergency' TAG.
  • evaluating options to improve SIA security in
    conflict areas.

17
Leistungen von Rotary
  • 1985 1988 Anfangsinitiativen 240 Mio US
  • 1988 Partnerschaft mit WHO, UNICEF und CDC
  • - 2008 Rotary Beiträge 750 Mio US und
    hands-on Leistungen
  • BMGF 100 Mio US
  • Rotary-Challenge weitere 100 Mio US - 2010
  • Rotary Zusage belastet jeden Club mit ca.
    3300.- in 3 Jahren

18
Leistungen D 1910 D 1920
  • Bis 2007 1,16 Mio US
  • 2008 2010 bereits beschlossen D 1910
    25.- p.a./ Mitglied (BIH 15.- )
    D 1920 18.- p.a./Mitglied
  • D 1910 A 90 000.- p.a.
    gesamt 270 000.- Nicht-A
    45 000.- p.a. gesamt 135
    000.- . D 1920 A
    55 000.- p.a. gesamt
    165 000.-
  • zu erwartende Gesamtleistung mind. 570
    000.- !!!
  • zusätzlich Clubaktivitäten freiwillige
    Spendenaktionen

19
Barrieren für Polio-Aktionen
  • Impfmüdigkeit
  • Konkurrenzkrankheiten wie Aids, Malaria, TBC
    etc.
  • in Industriestaaten Polio nicht mehr
    sichtbar
  • (zu)lange Dauer der Aktion
  • Versprechung Eradication sehr hoch gegriffen,
    besser . Stop the
    transmission!

20
Trotzdem, oder gerade deswegen
  • Alt Rotarier dürfen jetzt nicht müde werden!
  • Jung Rotarier müssen motiviert werden und
    finanziell beitragen
  • generell Awareness Bewusstsein schaffen
    und verstärken
  • Partnerschaft-Gründer Rotary darf jetzt nicht
    aussteigen, denn . mitgefangen-mitgehangen
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