Physics with Calculus II

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Physics with Calculus II
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Where weve been

• Mechanics
• The Electric Field
• Electric Potential (V)
• DC Circuits
• Magnetics
• ac circuits
• Waves
• Light

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Ch 36 Introduction
The process of image formation is extremely
useful and practical as we consider the
construction and operation of telescopes,
microscopes, eye glasses, projectors, magnifiers,
etc. These instruments involve lenses that
interact with spherical wave fronts coming from
point sources. Lenses reshape the wave fronts to
focus them at another point, and thus make
images. Both curved mirrors and curved refracting
surfaces can be used for this purpose. This
chapter deals with some of the simple concepts
involved in creating images.
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Where were going
Ch 36 Geometric Optics Light as a particle
(ray) (36.1) Images Formed by Flat
Mirrors (36.2) Images Formed by Spherical
Mirrors (36.3) Images Formed by Refraction (36.4)
Thin Lenses (36.6) The Camera (36.7) The Eye
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(36.1) Images Formed by Flat Mirrors
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(36.1) Images Formed by Flat Mirrors
p ? object distance q ? image distance R ? radius
of curvature f ? focal length
M ? Lateral Magnification M ? (-) if image
inverted M ? () if image NOT inverted
Problem 36.12
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(36.3) Images Formed by Refraction
Sign Convention, Page 1151
Problem 36.23 Another Refraction at far end
makes a thick lens.
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(36.4) Thin Lenses

• A lens is thin if f gtgt d
• Sign Convention, Page 1157

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(36.4) Thin Lenses, contd
Object at the focal point
Image at Infinity
Primary focal point
Converging focal length
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(36.4) Thin Lenses
Object at infinity
Image at focal point (secondary)
Converging focal length
How to measure the focal length of a converging
lens
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(36.4) Thin Lenses, contd
Object at Infinity
Rays diverging
Virtual Image at the Focal Point secondary
Diverging Negative focal length
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(36.4) Thin Lenses, contd
Rays refract leave parallel
Rays going to primary focal point
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(36.4) Thin Lenses, contd
The Thin Lens Equation
Problem 36.73-a
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(36.4) Thin Lenses
Real image for L1 and virtual object for L2
PHY 214 Problem 36.73a
 
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(36.6) The Camera

• Notes

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36.7) The Eye

• Read carefully, paying attention to
• Near Point
• Cataract

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The End