PreCommand Course

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Pre-Command Course Risk Management
PRESENTED BY MANSCEN SAFETY OFFICE
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Introduction

• Risk Management is the way to integrate the
  implications of risks to an operation using the
  military decision making process.

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Tactical Risk

• FM 101-5, app J - is the risk associated with
  hazards that exist due to the presence of the
  enemy on the battlefield.
• Consequence of tactical risk take two forms.
• Commander accepts risk of enemy action.
• Lost opportunity

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Accident Risk

• FM 101-5, app J - includes all operational
  risks other than tactical risk, and can include
  activities associated with hazards concerning
  friendly personnel, equipment readiness, and
  environmental conditions.

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Opposing Risks

• Tactical and accident risk may be
  diametrically opposed. The commander may accept
  a high level of accident risk in order to reduce
  tactical risk.

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Risk Management Process

• Conducted by the commander and the staff.
• The staff conducts on their individual areas.
• Staff members constantly looking for hazards.
• Hazards are identified and assessed.
• Control measures are identified and the
• Residual risk is determined.

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Risk Management Process Cont.

• Risk decisions are made based on control measures
  and residual risk.
• Commanders direct the implementation of the
  control measures and supervise the operations.
• Commander and staff evaluate the effectiveness of
  the control measures.

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Application

• Tactical and accidental risk managed
  concurrently.
• Staff officers integrate risk management.
• Integration is through Battle Staff within BOS.
• Oversight and collation of input is in the normal
  Battle Staff processes.
• Supervised by the Senior Planner.

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ACCIDENT RISK MANAGEMENT
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FM 100-14

• Leaders and soldiers responsible and accountable.
• Soldiers are responsible for executing risk
  controls.
• Commanders, with the assistance of their leaders
  and staffs, manage accident risks

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FM 101-5
The commander alone decides whether or not to
accept the level of residual risk
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FM 100-5
Leaders have a special responsibility
They must never risk their soldiers lives
needlessly.
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DEFINITIONS
Risk Management - the process of identifying,
assessing, and controlling hazards to protect the
force.
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DEFINITIONS

• Hazard - real or potential condition that can
  cause injury, illness or death personnel, or
  damage to, or loss of equipment or property. (FM
  101-5)
• Risk - is the probability of exposure to injury
  or loss from a hazard.

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DEFINITIONS

• Risk Assessment - identification and assessment
  of hazards.
• Controls - actions to eliminate or reduce risks.
• --Educational
• --Physical
• --Avoidance

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DEFINITIONS
Risk level is expressed in terms of Probability
- likelihood an event will occur. Severity -
expected consequence in terms of degree of
injury, property damage, or other mission
impairment.
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DEFINITIONS
Residual Risk - level of risk remaining after
controls implemented. Risk Decision - the
decision to accept or not accept the risk.
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WHY RISK MANAGEMENT?
HISTORICAL BASIS
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RISK MANAGEMENT
What Is The Process?
CYCLIC
INTEGRATED
DEVELOP CONTROLS MAKE DECISIONS
SUPERVISE EVALUATE
MANDATORY
SYSTEMIC
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(No Transcript)
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TOOLS

• METT-T
• MISSION
• ENEMY
• TERRAIN WEATHER
• TROOPS EQPMT
• TIME

• METL
• MISSION ESSENTIAL TASK LIST

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Detection Resources and Techniques

• Brain Storming
• Experts
• Publications
• Accident Information
• Scenario Thinking
• Rock Drills

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Probability
Occurs very often in life of system or
career. May occur continuously during specific
mission or operation.
Frequent
Occurs several times in life of system or in
a career. Occurs at a high rate, but experienced
intermittently.
Likely
Occurs some time in service life or in
career, occurs sporadically.
Occasional
Occurs as isolated incident during career.
Remotely possible, not expected to occur during a
specific mission or operation.
Seldom
Occurrence not impossible, but can assume will
almost never occur in service life or career or
during specific mission.
Unlikely
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Death or permanent total disability, system loss,
major property damage.
Catastrophic
SEVERITY
Permanent partial disability, temporary total
disability in excess of 3 months, major system
damage, significant property damage.
Critical
Minor injury, lost workday accident, compensable
injury or illness, minor system damage, minor
property damage.
Marginal
First aid or minor supportive medical treatment,
minor system impairment.
Negligible
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Hazard Assessment
PROBABILITY
FREQUENT LIKELY OCCASIONAL SELDOM
UNLIKELY A B
C D
E
CATASTROPHIC I CRITICAL
II MODERATE III NEGLIGIBLE IV
EXTREM HIGH
EXTREM HIGH
MODERATE
HIGH
HIGH
SEVERITY
EXTREM HIGH
MODERATE
HIGH
HIGH
LOW
MODERATE
MODERATE
LOW
LOW
HIGH
LOW
LOW
LOW
LOW
MODERATE
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DEVELOP CONTROLS MAKE DECISIONS
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Develop Controls

• Implement existing controls if adequate
• Adjust to make adequate or develop new controls
• Consider
• Realism, time, money and resources
• Minimize chance of accidents
• Maximize chance of mission accomplishment

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Make Risk Decision

• Determine level of residual risk.
• Have the appropriate level of command accept
  risk.

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Risk Acceptance Matrix
Level of Unit Conducting Mission
R I S K
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IMPLEMENT CONTROLS
Standing Operating Procedures (SOP'S) Orders
Briefings and back-briefs Training Rehearsals New
equipment
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SUPERVISE EVALUATE
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Supervise

• All Soldiers responsible for
• Performing to standard
• Executing controls
• Recognizing unsafe acts or conditions
• Leaders are also responsible for
• enforcement

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Evaluate

• Effectiveness of Controls
• Feedback - AARs

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MDMP
Risk Management Steps
Develop Controls Make Risk Decisions
Supervise Evaluate
Implement Controls
Assess Hazards
Identify Hazards
X
Receipt of Mission
X
X
Mission Analysis
M D M P
X
X
X
COA Development
X
X
X
COA Analysis
X
COA Comparison
X
COA Approval
X
Orders Production
X
X
Preparation
X
X
Execution
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Key Notes
Objective is not to remove all risk just
unnecessary risk. If risk cant be mitigated to
acceptable level, action should not be
executed Leaders should not expect missions with
zero defects. Eliminating unnecessary risk is
everyones responsibility. Managing
risk is subjective and is based on judgment.
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MANSCEN RISK MANAGEMENT TOOL BOX

• Work Sheets
• Cards
• Regulations and Policy Letters
• Briefing Formats for most every occasion.
• Chain Teaching Package.
• POIs from all MANSCEN Training courses.
• POV Risk Management System.

Visit the MANSCEN Safety Web Page
at http//www.wood.army.mil/safety