Luke Cheng, Regional Vice President Asia Pacific, Citilabs Inc'

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Building a Multimodal Comprehensive Truck/Freight
Modeling for Los Angeles Metropolitan Area

• Presented by
• Luke Cheng, Regional Vice President Asia
  Pacific, Citilabs Inc.
• Formerly MTA Transportation Planning Manager

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MTAS ROLES
Transit Operator/Infrastructure Builder

• 2,660 buses (as of Sep. 04)
• 73 miles of Metro Rail service
• 423 lane-miles of HOV lane

Countywide Planning/Programming

• Commuter rail, transit, highways, arterial
  streets, bikeways, pedestrian connections, and
  demand reduction strategies.

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Southern Californias Freight Infrastructure
POLA/POLB 1st 2nd among all US Container
Ports, 35 of all waterborne cargo, 11.8M TEU in
2003, 3rd in the world if combined. LAX 3rd in
the nation, 6th in the world in cargo volume
(1.8M tons in 2003) UP BNSF Class I R/R, with
6 intermodal terminals (Hobart Yard, the largest,
handled over 1.0M lift a year) 8900
Lane-Miles of Freeways (many sections carrying
over 20K trucks daily) 15000 Miles of Major
Arterials
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FUTURE GROWTH TRENDS
Southern Californias Population will grow 22
2000-2020
In the mean time, freight movement will grow
600
25
527
1995
21.5
500
2020
18.9
20
65 Increase
16.7
400
Millions of Tons
319
15
309
300
10
Millions
240 Increase
200
304 Increase
91
5
100
8.9
2.2
0
0
2000
2010
2020
Rail
Air
Truck
Source California Dept. of Finance
Source Southern California Association of
Governments
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2001 LONG RANG TRANSPORTATION PLAN
On Freight/Truck Movement -

• Identified as an important issue
• Need clearly defined strategy to accommodate
  anticipated freight growth
• Take proactive role in working with all private
  and public stakeholders to develop solutions

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NEED BETTER FREIGHT PLANNING TOOLS

• Traditional Travel Demand Model is for
  forecasting passenger traffic, not suitable for
  modeling freight/truck traffic
• Freight/truck traffic occupies a substantial
  share of infrastructure capacity
• Actual freight / truck movement data is required
  to build a good freight/truck model
• Planners need better understanding and knowledge
  of how and why freight / truck move

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MTAS GOAL
Develop an Innovative Multimodal Comprehen
sive Truck/Freight Movement Model
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TRUCK/FREIGHT MODELING
Why Truck/Freight? --- Not all trucks are
carrying freight and not all freight is on
truck.

• Movement To/From Sea Ports
• Movement To/From Airports
• All Non-Port/Airport Related Movement
• Warehouse/Distribution center
• Local delivery truck trips
• Service oriented truck trips

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MODEL FRAMEWORK
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MODEL CHARACTERISTICS
Port/Airport Related Movement

• Comparatively Simpler
• Limited number of trip generators (ports,
• airports, rail intermodal yards)
• Out-of-region O/D gt External cordon
• stations of regional highway/rail networks
• Past effort have dealt with
• POLA/LB Transportation Study
• SCAG Truck Count Study
• Airport Master Plan,
• Beyond Warehouse/DC Unknown

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MODEL CHARACTERISTICS
Non-Port/Airport Related Movement

• More Complex
• numerous origins destinations
• multiple distinct types of operation
• LTL, TL, local delivery, construction
• related, service oriented,
• Has not been analyzed systematically to date
• Also involve Warehouse/DC

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COMPENDIUM OF TRUCK/FREIGHT INFORMATION

• One-stop reference for all truck/freight related
  Information for the Greater Los Angeles
  Metropolitan Area
• Major freight transportation facility
• Freight Movement data (CFS, ITMS,)
• Truck trip generators (trucking industry,
  warehousing/DC)
• Universe of trucks (DMV, type, size, GVW)
• Truck traffic (counts, surveys, studies)
• Truck involved accidents

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TRUCK/FREIGHT MODELING FRAMEWORK AND PREPARATION

• Objectives
• To provide planners knowledge and understanding
  of domestic truck/freight movements
• To develop a model framework for modeling
  domestic truck/freight movements and
• To recommend an approach for constructing a
  domestic truck/freight movement model

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• TRUCKING FUNDAMENTALS
• Trucks come in a multitude of sizes and types
• Most classifications or descriptions of trucks
  are created for specific purposes, often
  regulatory
• FREIGHT FUNDAMENTALS
• Freight and service trucking are derived demands
• Demand for freight transportation is derived from
  the requirement of shippers and receivers to move
  goods from where they are to where they are
  needed
• Demand for service trucking is derived from the
  customers service requirements

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LOCAL TRUCKING

• Local trucking accounts for most truck movements
  not the long haul segment
• Operations have three basic patterns radial,
  peddle and multi-leg

RADIAL
PEDDLE
MULTI-LEG
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SERVICE TRUCKING FUNDAMENTALS

• Service trucking is the movement of a truck for
  the purpose of performing a service function
  (maintenance, utility work, etc).
• Rarely has it been considered in planning or
  modeling efforts
• 74 of the Los Angeles metro area truck
  population is used in business or personal
  services
• Most vehicles are small Class 1 or 2 pickups,
  SUVs, and vans (GVW 10,000 lbs or less) often
  ignored in truck models
• Services accounts for a significant portion of
  medium-duty vehicles

Service providers make their money by stopping
while freight haulers are paid to move
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TRUCK/FREIGHT MODELING METHODS

• State-of-the-practice
• Link-based factoring
• Origin-Destination factoring
• 3-step freight truck models
• 4-step commodity models
• Economic activity models (Oregon)
• Hybrid (commodity and truck both) models (SCAG
  HDT)
• State-of-the-art
• Logistics chain models (The Netherlands)
• Tour-based models (Calgary)

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RECOMMENDED HYBRID MODEL FRAMEWORK

• A Hybrid Model combining
• Logistics chain models for agriculture products,
  petroleum and coal, forestry, mining,
• Tour-based models for textile, apparel,
  electronics and appliance, furniture,, and
  services

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LOGISTICS BASED MODEL COMPONENT

• Focus on how shipments move from producer to
  consumer
• Include mode choice decisions
• Three layers economic, logistics and transport
• 38 of local commodities is eligible for this
  approach
• Four illustrative logistics chains are

TOUR BASED MODEL COMPONENT

• Focus on linking a series of legs and trips into
  a single tour
• Can be used for truck trips not more accurately
  described by logistic models
• A series of disaggregate logit models
• No mode choice is involved

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IMPLEMENTATION APPROACH

• Phase I Prototype Logistics-chain and
  Tour-based model for one industry
• Phase II Remaining industries and model
  validation.

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INTERIM CUBE CARGO MODEL

• Why Cube Cargo?
• Cube Cargo is the only modeling software
  available to date that is specifically developed
  to simulate regional and urban truck/freight
  movements
• Successfully applied in over 20 studies in 10
  European nations including Germany, France,
  Belgium, Norway, Denmark, Greece and Italy
• Multimodal - It treats truck and rail separately
• Beyond HDT - It models local delivery, service
  truck trips and tour-based trips
• Contained Logistic Chain and Tour Based Concept
• Cube Cargo is a module of Cube system, a family
  of travel demand modeling software, which
  integrates modeling of automobiles, transit and
  truck/freight in one system.

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A COMPREHENSIVE TRANSPORTATION PLANNING SYSTEM
TP
TRIPS
TRANPLAN

• Cube Base
• ArcGIS
• Viper
• GIS Tools
• Model Building Tools
• Scenario Management Tools

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CUBE CARGO AND Cube DYNASIM MODEL
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Win-Win Balance of Mobility for People and
Freight
Thank You!
Luke Chengs E-mail address LCHENG_at_CITILABS.COM