Railways: Integrating Security and Surveillance In the context of acts of Terrorism

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Railways Integrating Security and
Surveillance(In the context of acts of Terrorism)

• Anoop Srivastava
  DIG/ADMINistration/RPF
• Ministry of
  Railways

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SALIENT FEATURES OF INDIAN RAILWAYS

• World's largest Railway under single management
• 63,122 route kilometers with 6,909 Stations
• Carries about 17 million passengers a day
• Lifts about two million tonnes freight a day
• Employs 14,00,000 staff

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TRAINS RUN PER DAY-9415
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Major Terror Attacks On Indian Railways

• Jammu Station bombing - 2000- Killed
  05
• Kurnool Train crash -
  2002-killed 20
• Rafiganj Rail disaster -
  2002-killed 130
• Jammu Station bombing - 2004 killed
  04
• Jaunpur Train bombing - 2005- killed
  14
• Ahmedabad Railway station - 2006-killed 25
• Ambush on RPSF escorting 2006- killed
  11,
• staff in Assam. - injured
  03.
• Varanasi Blasts -
  2006-killed 15

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EXTREMIST ACTIVITIES OVER INDIAN RAILWAYS
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MILITANT ATTACKS ON INDIAN RAILWAY SYSTEM
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Broken Window Syndrome

• Easy access and escape to terrorists
• High density of passengers
• Anonymity guaranteed by congregations of
  strangers
• Minimal surveillance enroute

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Nature of Terrorist Activity

• Track Tampering
• Removal of Fish Plates
• Placement of obstructions
• Placement and explosion of bombs on track/bridges
• Bomb Blasts at Station premises
• Bomb Blasts at other Railway Installations
• Attack on trains
• Attack on Railway Protection Force (India)
• Snatching of Arms
• Attack on posts vehicles

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PATTERN OF VIOLENCE

• Extensive reconnaissance conducted
• Extensive use of Sophisticated communication
  equipment
• The use of RDX/Mil Explosive
• Timer devices

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Continued

• Planting of IEDs on train carriages
• Planting of programmed timed devices on tracks
• Extensive use of Cyber Technology
• Transnational fundamentalists

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Three perspectives of terrorism

• the terrorists,
• the victims and
• the general publics.
• (One mans terrorist is another mans freedom
  fighter ?)

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Current Approach

• To scale up preventive measures
• To utilise technology capable of monitoring
  potential targets and critical infrastructure
• To make the railway system an unattractive or
  less attractive target
• To utilise technology capable of detecting and
  monitoring potential threats
• To deploy canine squads
• To strengthen intelligence machinery
• To upgrade weaponry
• To Integrate Security and surveillance System
  (Human and Technological)

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Integrated Security System An Experiential
Learning

• An exercise was done at Mumbai Central on
  13.11.2006 jointly by Mumbai Police, RPF
  Railways. 12 X-ray Machines, 2 Sniffer dogs, 84
  HHMDs, 38 DFMDs, 206 RPF Personnel, 90 GRP staff,
  50 Railway Officials were associated.
• Efforts were made to check every baggage every
  Passenger.
• Queue became unmanageable People became so
  restless that the exercise was closed within 12
  minutes.
• Contd..

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Present Focus on Integrated Security (inter alia)

• CCTV
• HHMD/DFMD
• Personal Search Equipments
• Baggage Scanners

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Conclusion

• Reliability of security gadgets
• Maintenance of Security Gadgets
• Operational Feasibility
• COST Factor
• Technological gaps
• Need for Research and Development

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Thanks