SelfConcept, Identity,

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Chapter 6

• Self-Concept, Identity,
• and Motivation

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Erikson provided a framework for understanding
childrens psychosocial development.
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Erikson believed that development is a lifelong
process.
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Erikson placed more emphasis on social than
biological influences in his theory.
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Erikson believed children continually face new
developmental tasks or issues they must somehow
resolve as they mature.
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Eriksons theory has several limitations.
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While there is growing consensus about the
dimensions of temperament, questions remain
concerning its origins and long-term influence
on development.
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It is important to understand that children
differ in temperamental characteristics.
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http//www.childdevelopmentinfo.com/development/te
mperament_and_your_child.htm
http//www.medem.com/medlb/article_detaillb.cfm?ar
ticle_IDZZZGCXG4W7Csub_cat21
http//www.temperamentselling.com/html/free_t_test
.html
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The babys use of social cues for directing
responses is an early form of behavior regulation
that will continue to develop.
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Empathy is an ability to react to another
persons distress.
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The development of emotional self-regulation
involves the deliberate use of cognitive or
behavioral strategies to achieve a desired goal.
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Figure 6.1
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Children and youths with emotional and behavioral
disorders are perhaps the most problematic group
of exceptional learners in the classroom.
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Most children with emotional/behavioral disorders
have a low-average to average range of
intelligence, although some have above-average
intelligence.
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Self-esteem involves an evaluation of our traits,
abilities, and characteristics.
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Children begin to think of themselves as
separate individuals during the toddler period.
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Current efforts to help students with low
self-esteem are more cognitively based.
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For adolescents, the critical task is to select
and integrate childhood identities with personal
desires and societal opportunities and
expectations in order to develop a sense of who
they are and who they will become.
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November 1 Lecture
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Gender is a key component of the self, and it can
strongly influence our sense of self-esteem.
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Gender schema refers to childrens knowledge of
gender.
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Gender-role socialization is the process by which
children learn the attitudes and behavior that
society considers appropriate for their gender.
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Many teachers report that motivating students to
learn is one of their most difficult problems.
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Maslows hierarchy of human needs is one of the
best-known theories of motivation.
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Self-efficacy theory is very similar to
expectancy-value theory because both theories
emphasize the critical role of a persons
judgment of his or her capabilities.
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Theories of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation
have a cognitive component.
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Motivation researchers define motivation in
many different ways.
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Gender differences in competency and value
perceptions can affect achievement behaviors.