ISO TC184/SC4 contribution to REACH and LCA

1
ISO TC184/SC4 contribution toREACH and LCA
and the impact of the Semantic Web on the SC4
architecture BSI AMT4, 2008-03-23

• David Leal
• CAESAR Systems Limited
• david.leal_at_caesarsystems.co.uk

2
What are REACH and LCA

• REACH (Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation
  and Restriction of CHemicals)
• you need to know exactly what is in you product,
  and the parts of you product which you buy in
• LCA (Life Cycle Assessment)
• you need to know the inputs and outputs to the
  manufacturing, use and disposal activities for
  your product, and for the parts of the product
  which you buy in
• You need to access and validate data from the
  supply chain
• The Semantic Web is ideal for this

3
Semantic Web technologies

• RDF (Resource Description Framework)
• making statements on the Web
• http//www.w3.org/RDF/
• N3 (Notation 3)
• a simple way of writing down an RDF statement
• http//www.w3.org/TeamSubmission/n3/

An opportunity to

• record information more simply
• enable others to use our concepts
• use the concepts of others

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Getting started
RDF diagram
Janet
John
loves
Jane believes
5
Getting started
namespaces
_at_prefix people lthttp//www.friends-are-u
s.com/registry/gt . _at_prefix relationships
lthttp//www.institute-of_relationships.org/vocabul
arygt .
peopleJanet relationshiploves
peopleJohn .
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Navigating the supply chain
supply x
LCA data from analysis of supply
supply 1
LCA data from analysis of supply
product
supply y
supply 2
supply z
subclass of
subclass of
subclass of
class A
class B
class C
class D
class D
LCA catalogues (e.g. EU LCA InfoHub) linked to
industrial catalogues
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Dereferencing
Dereference
to get
http//www.f.bloggs.co.uk/items/98-12345
lthttp//www.f.bloggs.co.uk/items/98-12345gt a
vocabElectricalEquipmentIte
m vocabserialNumber "98-12345"
vocabmanufacturer lthttp//www.f.bloggs.co.u
k/gt vocaboperatingVoltage vocabvolt
230 . lthttp//www.f.bloggs.co.uk/gt
vocabregisteredName "Fred Bloggs and Company
Limited" .
an RDF formula with URI
http//www.f.bloggs.co.uk/items/98-12345/formula
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RDF statements about an item
vocabElectricalEquipmentItem
rdftype
http//www.f.bloggs.co.uk/items/98-12345
vocabserialNumber
98-12345
vocabmanufacturer
vocaboperatingVoltage
http//www.f.bloggs.co.uk/
vocabregisteredName
Fred Bloggs and Company Limited
vocabvolt
230
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Access to formulas
An application can query using SPARQL.
A person can browse using Firefox Tabulator
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What needs to happen

• Change to the business process
• Assign URI to a product
• Dereference to get a formula about a product
• education, pilot projects, buy in from trade
  associations and governments
• Standard vocabularies to use on the Web
• existing standards need to work in a new
  environment
• standards need to be simplified
• W3C Product Modelling group
• ISO TC184/SC4 needs to get its act together

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No data model so far
family name
STRING
equipment item
person
given name
STRING
manufacturer
organization
registered name
STRING
serial number
STRING
electrical equipment item
electrical potential
operating voltage
volt
REAL
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Equivalent vocabulary
EquipmentItem a
owlClass . ElectricalEquipmentItem a
owlClass
rdfssubClassOf EquipmentItem . Organization
a owlClass
. ElectricalPotential a
owlClass . manufacturer a
owlObjectProperty
rdfsdomain EquipmentItem
rdfsrange Person
rdfsrange Organization
. serialNumber a
owlDatatypeProperty
rdfsdomain EquipmentItem
. operatingVoltage a
owlFunctionalProperty
rdfsdomain ElectricalEquipmentItem
rdfsrange
ElectricalPotential . volt
a owlDatatypeProperty
rdfsdomain
ElectricalPotential .
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ISO 10303 APs

• They are more than vocabularies
• They validate the data for completeness and
  consistency
• They are linked to an activities
• There are many activities, so there are many
  APs/Conformance Classes
• The APs have things in common
• So there is a complicated methodology for using
  parts of data model
• But there is no vocabulary which can be used
  outside an AP

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ISO 10303 APs

• Running an AP schema through an EXPRESS ? RDF/OWL
  translator does not solve this problem
• The APs have a complicated structure in order to
  impose constraints
• We do not want to replicate the complexity when
  the constraints are not wanted

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ISO 15926-2 validates vocabularies
vocabElectricalEquipmentItem a
iso15926-2class_of_physical_object
. vocabserialNumber a
iso15926-2class_of_class_of_identification
. vocaboperatingVoltage a
iso15926-2class_of_indirect_property
. vocabvolt a
iso15926-2scale .

• The average user does not need to know this, but
• it shows that the vocabulary is consistent
• it facilities transfer to and from a ISO 15926-2
  data warehouse

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Where we could go next SC4

• ISO 10303
• many schemas with constraints for different
  activities
• complicated methodology for sharing entities

inputs
core vocabulary without constraints for use on
the Semantic Web

• ISO 15926-2
• simple schema without constraints
• with philosophy (and idiosyncratic?)
• difficult to use for designs rather than
  individuals

• ISO 13584
• simple schema with constraints for one activity

• ISO 14048
• definition of concepts but no schema

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Where we could go next SC4

• ISO 10303
• ? transfer between Semantic Web and APs to
• validate the data published on the Web

mapping
core vocabulary without constraints for use on
the Semantic Web

• ISO 15926-2
• ? the core vocabulary is part of an RDF/OWL
• implementation of ISO 15926-2

use
?

• ISO 13884
• ? part of an RDF equivalent to OntoML?

mapping

• ISO 14048
• ? transfer between the Semantic Web and the
  various
• XML formats ELCD, EcoSPOLD

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and further in the future

• ISO 10303
• ? a new version of STEP as RDF/OWL constraints
• using SWRL

use
core vocabulary without constraints for use on
the Semantic Web

• ISO 15926-2
• ? the core vocabulary is part of an RDF/OWL
• implementation of ISO 15926-2

use
?

• ISO 13884
• ? part of an RDF equivalent to OntoML?

mapping

• ISO 14048
• ? transfer between the Semantic Web and the
  various
• XML formats ELCD, EcoSPOLD