Population Health for Health Professionals

1
Population Healthfor Health Professionals
2
Module 4

• Building Healthy Communities

3
Module 4Objectives

• Healthy Community movement
• Successful healthy community initiatives
• Strategic planning models
• Impact of diversity on health and health care
• Cultural competency

4
Part I

• Healthy Communities Movement

5
Building Healthy Communities Purpose

• This module is designed to introduce the concepts
  of strategic planning and healthy communities for
  improving the health of diverse populations

6
What is Health?

• Health is more than physical well being
• World Health Organization definition Health is
  the state of complete physical, mental, and
  social well-being, and not merely the absence of
  disease. WHO, 1947

7
What is Community?

• Defined by the people in it.
• Determined by geographic lines, cultural lines,
  economics or other factors.
• All communities have assets.

8
Discussion Time

• What is your definition of a healthy community?
• What helps us measure health?

9
What Helps UsMeasure Health?

• Schools
• Low crime rate
• Good jobs
• Access to health care
• Good race relations
• Safety of all
• Culture/art
• Community spirit

• Lack of fear
• Low teen pregnancy, low infant mortality
• Ample care for individuals with chronic and acute
  disease
• Affordable housing

10
The Healthy Communities Movement

• Community-based health and quality of life
  improvement initiatives
• Locally determined focus
• Well-informed people work together in a process
  to make local change

11
Healthy Community Principles

• Broad definition of health
• Broad definition of community
• Shared vision from community values

12
Healthy Community Principles

• Address quality of life for everyone
• Diverse participation, widespread ownership
• Focus on systems change
• Build capacity using local assets and resources
• Benchmark and measure progress and outcomes

13
Pieces of the Puzzle

• Knowledge of the Environment
• Identifying Resources
• Forging Collaboration
• Creating Ownership
• Measuring Performance

14
Knowledge of the Environment

• Environmental Scan
• Demographics
• Research

15
Environmental Scan

• Brief but important step in healthy communities
  planning
• Early in the effort, it is valuable for
  stakeholders to develop a broadly shared
  understanding of the major events, trends,
  technologies, issues, and forces that affect the
  health profile of their community.

16
Demographics

• Define a population by its age, sex, race
  distribution
• US Census Bureau primary data source, reported
  down to the household level. Significant trends
• Growth in elderly population
• Shift in racial mix

17
Demographics

• Describe the disparities in health outcomes of a
  population.
• Documented gap between majority and minority
  populations
• African -Americans and Hispanics carry much
  heavier burden of disease than whites

18
Research

• Structured investigation which builds and test
  hypotheses.
• Health status
• Health determinants
• Disease
• Environmental threats to health
• Health care systems
• Other issues

19
Research

• Health indicators
• Incidence
• Prevalence
• Mortality
• Case Fatality
• Proportional Mortality

• Health Statistics Sources
• Centers for Disease Control
• National Institutes of Health
• State Budget Control Board

20
Identifying and Mobilizing Resources

• Asset-based community development
• Starts with what is present in the community, the
  capacity of its residents, workers, associations,
  and institutional base - not with what is absent,
  problematic, or needed
• John McKnight

21
Identifying Strategic Partners The Usual Suspects

• Government
• Religious leaders
• Industry
• Police
• Healthcare community

22
Not Your Usual Suspects

• Front porch experts
• Gatekeeper to the community
• Street sage
• Elders
• Unemployed, disenfranchised

23
Forging Collaboration

• Never doubt that a small group of thoughtful
  committed citizens can change the world. Indeed
  it is the only thing that ever has.
• Margaret Mead

24
Developing RelationshipsFor Health

• Understanding a community
• Culture, economics, assets those things that
  define it
• Meeting the people and listening to their stories
• Recognizing they are the experts on their
  community
• Guided dialogue A tool for getting to know a
  community

25
Creating Ownership

• Shared vision
• Inclusion of all
• Acceptances of differences
• Respect for all viewpoints

26
Measuring Performance

• Methods for monitoring success or failure of
  community development provide documentation
• Important in seeking additional support for
  continuous improvement of health and economics

27
Successful Examples

• PRO Hampton County Hampton, SC
• Partners for a Healthy Community Anderson, SC

• Tillery, NC
• National Award Winning Healthy Community

28
The PRO Hampton CountyDiabetes Connection

• Diane Kennedy, MS, MT(ASCP)SH
• Chairperson, Diabetes Connection
• Associate Director,
• Low Country AHEC

29
Genesis of Diabetes Connection
Healthy Communities
PRO Hampton County
Education

• Boys Girls Clubs
• Diabetes Connection

30
4 Subcommittees

• Education
• Support/Service
• Screening
• Finance
• Duke Endowment Grant
• Local and Regional Pharmaceutical vendors

31
Community Diabetes Education

• Banners and billboards
• Newspaper articles
• Radio
• Grocery bags
• Update local libraries

32
Support/Service

• Certified Diabetes Education (CDE)
• Monthly diabetes support group
• Quarterly Cooking Classes
• Educational/support workshops
• Hampton County diabetes registry

33
Screening

• At-Risk for Diabetes
• ADA Risk Assessment Survey
• BP, HT, WT, BMI
• Fasting Plasma Glucose, Cholesterol Profile
• Those with Diabetes
• BP, HT, WT, BMI
• Hgb A1c, Cholesterol Profile, Urine Test
  (kidneys)
• Feet, Eye, Dental Screenings
• Counseling/Education

34
Partners for a Healthy Community

• Anderson, SC
• Partners Healthwise Initiative
• Health Ministry
• Out of the Blues

35
Healthy Communities Award Winner Tillery, NC

• Forty Acres and a Mule
• Citizens Action Group
• CHAP
• The Health Clinic
• HELP

36
Keys to Success

• Broad community representation
• Shared vision of committed citizens
• Collaboration between local talent and outside
  experts
• Development of action and policy to make
  healthier communities

37
SummaryModule 4, Part 1

• Building healthy communities requires involvement
  of many diverse resources
• The Healthy Communities Movement has had great
  success in improving the health of communities
• Environment is a critical element for the health
  of a community and its members

38
SummaryModule 4, Part 1

• True collaborations require
• Trust building
• Conflict resolution
• Listening
• Following
• Knowledge of the environment and those who live
  in it

39
Discussion Time

• Describe what a healthy community for you would
  be.
• What do you and your community need to get there?

40
Module Authors
D. Beth Kennedy, M.S. Director of
Education Laurine T. Charles, M.H.S. Associate
Professor S.C. Area Health Education Consortium