U.S. History

1
U.S. History

• Chapter 8 Section 4
• Roosevelts Square Deal
• 2.5, 3.5, 3.8, 9.3
• Booker T. Washington at White House Dinner

2
Roosevelt Shapes the Modern Presidency

• Theodore Roosevelt 1901 Became President after
  William McKinley Assasinated (Leon Czolgocz)
• Square Deal TRs Program Keep the wealthy from
  taking advantage of the rest
• -Did not believe in helping the lazy or making
  everyone rich
• Every man shall have a square dealno lessno
  more

3
Trustbusting and Regulating Industry

• Roosevelt changed the way that Government dealt
  with business disputes
• 1902 Coal Miners Strike TR Threatened to send
  troops in if strike not over quickly
• Hepburn Act Strengthened the Interstate Commerce
  Commission (ICC)
• 1904 Northern Securities v. U.S. Case ruled
  the big railroad company an illegal trust
• TR became known as a Trustbuster
• He did not mind Good Trusts (Fair) only
  disliked Bad Trusts (Unfair)

4
Regulating Food and Drug Industries

• 1906 Upton Sinclair wrote The Jungle
• Meat Inspection Act Govt began to inspect meat
• Pure Food and Drug Act (FDA) Banned impure food
  and dishonest medicine claims (Snake Oil
  Salesmen)

5
Government Manages the Environment

• 1872 Yellowstone National Park Formed
• 1890 Yosemite National Park
• John Muir Helped found Yosemite
• Preserve To leave unused
• Conserve Use-smart
• Gifford Pinchot Protect some land and use
  others. Then, protect used land and use
  protected land (Recycle)
• National Reclamation Act Govt Decides how water
  is used (Damsetc.)

6
Roosevelt and Taft Differ

• Roosevelt steps down after serving two terms
• William Howard Taft Backed by TR and won
  Presidency
• Payne-Aldrich Tariff Showed Tafts weak
  political leadership
• Taft hated ALL trusts and busted more than
  Roosevelt
• 1911 Standard Oil Busted
• Supported Rule of Reason Large Monopolies ok
  as long as they do not try to drive out
  competition (I call it the NIPSCO rule)

7
Roosevelt Strikes Back

• Taft Fired Pinchot
• Roosevelt Angryran against Taft
• New Nationalism Business should serve country as
  well as self. Efficiency is key.
• ELECTION of 1912
• Taft Republican
• Roosevelt Progressive Bull-Moose Party
• Republican Party Split
• Democrat Woodrow Wilson Won Election

8
U.S. History I

• Chapter 8 Section 5
• Woodrow Wilson

9
Election of 1912
10
Wilsons New Freedom

• New Freedom Prevent strong from crushing weak
  But retain personal freedom from govt.
• Lowered Tariffs
• Sixteenth Amendment Income Tax Amendment
• Federal Reserve Act Strengthened money supply
• Federal Trade Commission (FTC)-Looked out for
  false advertising or improper labeling (Watchdog)
• Clayton Anti-trust Act Strengthened anti-trust
  laws
• Workingmans Compensation Act Temporay help for
  disabled workers
• Set railroad workers day at 8 hours

11
Legacy of Progressivism

• 16th (Income Tax), 17th (Direct Election), 18th
  (Prohibition), 19th (Womens Suffrage)
  Amendments
• Political Reform
• Dollar Strengthened
• Land Conservation
• Strong Federal Government Levels playing field
  (Business)
• Worker gains (Unions)

• Too much government? (Socialism)
• What about race issues? (One great failure)
• Do people depend on Government too much? Is it
  the governments, or American peoples job?
• Do reforms promote laziness or sense of
  Entitlement