Clostridium, Bacillus

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Clostridium, Bacillus

• Kumpeerichaya K
• U442-5944

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My Reference is

• http//vm.cfsan.fda.gov/mow/chap2.html

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What are they?

• They are gram ().
• They are anaerobic.
• They are Rod shape like.
• Their spores are heat-resistant and can survive
  in foods (can be destroyed if heated at 80C for
  10 minutes or longer).

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Spore
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Who are they

• They are rare.
• They are wide spread in soil.
• .

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Now I will emphasize only the microorganisms of
primary concern
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They are

• Clostridium perfringens
• Clostridium botulinum
• Bacillus cereus

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Clostridium botulinum

• The symptoms occur between hours with a range of
  hours
• Acute
• Gas production
• Nausea,fever, and vomiting (these are not very
  much)
• Duration is one day or less ( but will be more
  dangerous in young and old)

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Source

• Slow cooling food
• Slow heating

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Clostridium botulinum

• Their name derived from the latin name which
  mean sausage
• There are three type of them

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Food borne
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Wound borne

• C. botulinum by itself or with other
  microorganisms infects a wound and produces
  toxins which reach other parts of the body via
  the blo

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Infant

• caused by the ingestion of C. botulinum spores
  which colonize and produce toxin in the
  intestinal

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Botulinum toxin

• Is produced when the spore germinates and out
  grows
• Toxin is in the cell
• When they come out of the cell they will
  inactivate, they will activate by proteinase.
• So with out proteinase what will happen?

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Toxin would not be activated

• WHY????

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Botulinum toxinthey work by
the light chain inhibiting the released of
acetylcholine (Ach) from the Nerve
gangliosidesand the heavy chain will block at
the other side of ganglioside.
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What will happen after the binding of the toxin

• PARALYSIS

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Toxin is not always bad
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SYMPTOM

• Nausea, diarrhea and vomiting
• Droopy eyeslids, doulble vision
• DEATH
• Within 3-5 days during the respiratory failure

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Source

• RAW FOOD

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Bacillus cereus

• What made them different from Clostridium.

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• Production of catalase
• Production of dirheal and emetic which are a
  specific toxin that are produced by them.

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Symptom

• Mild diarrhea occur within8-16 and last only
  12hours.
• Emetic symptom (vomiting) is occur within 1-6
  hours and last from 6-24 hours.

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Source

• Milk
• Raw milk
• Dried milk
• Rice (if you leave the cooked rice)
• Basically they are found in almost cereal.

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Bacillus cereus cereal
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END

• Questions please , Ill try my best to answer it!