International Partnerships

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www.internet2.edu
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Internet2Infraestructura y Aplicaciones

• Ana Preston Program Manager, Internet2
  International
• apreston_at_internet2.edu
• JT RedIRIS 2002
• Salamanca, España

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Outline for todays talk

• Quick Overview of Internet2
• Focus Areas - highlights
• Backbone Infrastructure
• Applications
• Conclusions / QA

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Research Education

• Universities strive for qualitative and
  quantitative improvements
• In support of research
• In support of teaching and learning
• how to accelerate the change in technologies and
  applications on the internet to support new
  demands for the research and education community?
  
• how can new technologies be incorporated into
  the existing Internet? (think back in when the
  Internet started)
• Stanford -- the Internet protocols
• NSFNet -- the scaled-up Internet
• CERN -- the WWW protocols
• University of Illinois -- the Web browser

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Internet Development Spiral
Commercialization
Privatization
Todays Internet
Internet2
Research and
Development
Partnerships
Source Ivan Moura Campos
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Internet2 Mission and Goals

• Develop and deploy advanced network applications
  and technologies for research and higher
  education, accelerating the creation of
  tomorrows internet.
• Enable new generation of applications
• Create leading edge RE network capability
• Transfer technology and experience to the global
  production Internet

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Internet2 Universities202 University Members,
November 2002
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University Leadership Collaborative Partnership

• 200 university members with commitments from
  their Presidents/Chancellors/Rectors
• 60 corporate members
• Over 40 Affiliate Members
• Government Research Agencies
• Organization - Not for profit (not commercial)
  UCAID University Corporation for Advanced
  Internet Development. Internet2 is a UCAID
  project.
• Internet2 universities are recreating the
  partnerships that fostered the Internet in its
  infancy (industry, government, international)
• Support applications developers and users
• Provide national-scope advanced networking
  capabilities for universities, research
  institutes
• Spread availability of new networking technology

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Internet2 Focus Areas

• Applications
• Engineering
• Middleware
• Network Infrastructure
• Partnerships

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Internet2 Focus Areas

• Advanced Network Infrastructure
• Middleware
• Engineering
• Advanced Applications
• Partnerships

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Internet2 and the Next Generation Internet
Initiative
Internet2
NGI
Federal agency-led
University-led
Developing education and research driven
applications
Agency mission-driven and general purpose
applications
Building out campus networks, gigaPoPs and
inter-gigapop infrastructure
Funding research testbeds and agency research
networks
Interconnecting and interoperating to provide
advanced networking capabilities needed to
support advanced research and education
applications
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National Networks

• Federal Backbone Networks
• DREN
• ESnet
• NREN
• SuperNet
• vBNS
• Abilene
• The name of Internet2s network infrastructure
• Apr 1998 Project announced at White House
• Jan 1999 Production status for network

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Typical Internet2 University Network Connection
University Campus
University Campus
155 Mbps 2.4 Gbps
Department
155 Mbps 2.4 Gbps
100 Mbps
Regional Network622 Mbps-2.4 Gbps
Lab or Classroom
155 Mbps 2.4 Gbps
University Campus
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Abilene Network Logical Map
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Internet2 GigaPoPs31 as of November 2002
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Abilene Partnership approach

• The Abilene Network is a UCAID project done in
  partnership with
• Cisco Systems (routers, switches, and access)
• Juniper Networks (routers)
• Nortel Networks (SONET kit)
• Qwest Communications (SONET DWDM circuits,
  co-location)
• Indiana University (network operations center)
• Internet2 Test Evaluation Centers (ITECs)
• North Carolina and Ohio

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Abilene October, 2002

• IP-over-DWDM (OC-192c) and IP-over-SONET backbone
  (OC-48c)
• 50 direct connections (OC-3c ? 10-Gbps)
• 4 (soon 6) OC-48c 1 Gig Eth connections
• 2 10-Gbps (10 Gig Eth) connections pending
• OC-192 SONET also supported
• 23 connections at OC-12c or higher
• Number of ATM connections soon down to 7
• 219 participants research univs. labs
• All 50 states, District of Columbia, Puerto
  Rico
• Expanded access
• 54 sponsored participants and 25 state education
  networks

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(No Transcript)
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Next Generation Abilene

• Partnership with Qwest extended thru 2006
• Juniper T640 routers selected for backbone
• 10/11 next generation router nodes in place 12th
  location pending
• 2 racks in each location (Juniper T640 router
  4 measurement servers)
• OC-48c SONET interconnects to Cisco 12008 routers
• Very pleased to date with new router performance
  and interoperability with 1st generation backbone
• 10-Gbps backbone ? deployment has started this
  Fall
• Transcontinental 10-Gbps ?s 6 ?s connected
  to network
• DC-NYC-Chicago-Indy-KC-Sunnyvale CA-Los Angeles
• First ? outage (3.5 hours) fiber cut in NYC
• ITEC network performance validation test 8 Gbps
  of 2-way traffic (v4 and v6 mix) transmitted
  without loss or reordering Sunnyvale to San
  Diego

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Next Generation Abilene more

• Incremental, non-disruptive transitionUpgrade
  Schedule Overview
• Aug/Sep New backbone routers installed
• Sep/Oct First wave turn-up
• Fall 2002 Connector peer circuits migrated to
  new routers
• 2003 Remaining 10-Gbps ?s commissioned
• Advanced service foci
• Native, high-performance IPv6
• Enhanced, differentiated measurement
• Rapid restoration for resiliency

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Native IPv6 deployment

• Abilene is now running native IPv6 over the
  entire Cisco 12008 and Juniper T640 backbone
• Dual stack mode
• IS-ISv6 used for internal routing
• Significant number of peers and connectors
  already have converted
• Tunnel support consolidated
• IU-NOC provides support for existing tunnels Not
  accepting any new tunnels
• Abilene provided addressing
• 2001468/35 from ARIN for participants 63
  allocated
• 3ffe3700/24 from 6bone for SEGP / sponsored
  users
• Native IPv6 (UCSD iGrid demo 400 Mbps v6 SD-AMS)
• Kudos to Abilene NOC, IPv6 WG, Cisco, and Juniper

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Abilene native IPv6 peerings October, 2002

• Peers/Exchange Points (9)
• 6TAP
• APAN/TransPAC
• CUDI
• JGNv6/WIDE
• SingAREN
• SURFNET
• vBNS
• AMPATH
• CANET(3)

• Connectors (12)
• Great Plains Network
• Indiana Gigapop
• MAX
• NYSERNet
• Oregon Gigapop
• Pittsburgh Gigapop
• SDSC
• WiscREN
• NoX
• South Florida Gigapop
• Front Range Gigapop
• ONEnet

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More key aspects of next generation Abilene
backbone - I

• Resiliency
• Moving from SONET rings to unprotected ?s is
  significant
• Collaboration apps demand convergence times of
  100 ms
• Faster converging IP-based IGP as ultimate
  solution
• v4 unicast IGP switch from OSPF to IS-IS
• Differentiated measurement capabilities
• Starting w/four dedicated servers at each node
• Local data collection to capture data at times of
  network instability
• Enhance active probing
• Now latency jitter, loss, reachability
  (Surveyor)
• Regular TCP/UDP throughput tests 1 Gbps
• Separate server for E2E performance beacon
• Enhance passive measurement
• Now SNMP (NOC) traffic matrix/type (Netflow)
• Routing (BGP IGP)
• Optical splitter taps on backbone links at select
  location(s)

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Abilene International Peering (October 2002)
09 January 2002
Pacific Wave AARNET, APAN/TransPAC CAnet4,
TANET2
STAR TAP/Star Light APAN/TransPAC, CAnet4,
CERN, NAUKAnet, GEMnet, HARNET, HEANET,
KOREN/KREONET2, NORDUnet, SURFnet, SingAREN,
TAnet2
NYCM CAnet3, GEANT, HEANET, NORDUnet
SNVA GEMNET, SINET, SingAREN, WIDE
LOSA UNINET
OC3-gtOC12
AMPATH ANSP, REUNA, RNP2, RETINA
San Diego (CALREN2) CUDI
El Paso (UACJ-UT El Paso) CUDI

• ARNES, CARNET, CESnet, DFN, GRNET, JANET,
  NORDUNET, RENATER, RESTENA, SWITCH, HUNGARNET,
  GARR-B, POL-34, RCCN, RedIRIS
• WIDE/JGN, IMnet, CERNet, CSTnet,

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Networks reachable via Abilene by country
Europe-Middle East
Asia-Pacific
Americas
Austria Belgium Bulgaria Croatia Czech
Republic Cyprus Denmark Estonia Finland France Ger
many Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Israel
Italy Latvia Lithuania Luxembourg Netherlands Norw
ay Poland Portugal Romania Slovakia Slovenia Spain
Sweden Switzerland United Kingdom CERN
Australia China Hong Kong Japan Korea Singapore Ta
iwan Thailand
Argentina Brazil Canada Chile Mexico United States
More information about reachable networks at
www.internet2.edu/abilene/peernetworks.html Also,
see www.startap.net
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Abilene international connectivity model

• Abilene is a GTRN - Global Terabit Research
  Network -partner
• Already peering with GTRN router in New York City
• Peering at major intl EPs in U.S. encouraged
• Chicago Star Light (migration from STAR TAP)
• Seattle Pacific Wave
• Miami AMPATH
• New York City MAN LAN (GigE/10GigE switch)
• 10 Gig Ethernet to Star Light now and P/WAVE when
  ready
• Direct BGP peering preferred
• via Layer-2 EP media or direct connection to
  Abilene router
• ATM support generally ends by Sept 2003
• No new ATM peers

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GTRN Current Infrastructure

• DANTE-provided router in NYC in GTRN AS
• DANTE-provided 2.5gbps links across Atlantic to
  GEANT
• Abilene providing tunnel between New York,
  (Chicago), Seattle
• NSF-funded StarLight will provide GNAP

• Pacific Wave hosting GNAP in Seattle
• Global NOC at Indiana University

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NGA international update

• IEEAF (Internet Educational Equal Access
  Foundation) transatlantic donations
  www.ieeaf.org
• 10-Gbps ? (unprotected) and OC-12c SONET links
• ?s from Los Angeles to Amsterdam!
• Now links Abilene in NYC and SURFnet in Amsterdam
• Joint effort in time for iGrid2002, Amsterdam
  (9/2002)
• Working collaboratively to extend reach in Europe
  
• GEANT and GTRN

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Abilene Network objectives - 2003

• Advanced Services
• Multicast - high performance
• IPv6 - native, high performance
• Resiliency
• Security
• Measurement
• Active passive capabilities
• e2e performance initiative support
• Abilene Observatory correlated data archive for
  network research
• Experimentation and collaboration
• Abilene Observatory experiment/overlay
  co-location
• TeraGrid interconnection (LA and Chicago)
• 'Lambda Grid' experimentation
• International connectivity
• IEEAF collaboration (Europe, other regions?)
• MAN LAN exchange point in NYC

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Optical networking technology drivers

• Computational science emerging interdiscipline
• Now Bandwidth distributed data sensing and
  storage
• Increasingly distributed data collection and
  storage
• NSF Distributed Terascale Facility TeraGrid
  Project
• At end of aggressive period of fiber construction
  on the national metro scales in U.S.
• Now rapid industry contraction, capital crisises,
  bankruptcies
• Glut of conduit and fiber, but not of bandwidth
• Many university campuses and regional GigaPoPs
  already use dark fiber
• Much metro DWDM/GigE and some regional (state
  based) DWDM
• Optical transport is the focus with switching on
  horizon

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U.S. RE optical networking scaling factors

• 11 Next Generation Abilene routers
• 50 Abilene connectors
• 220 Abilene participants
• Research universities labs
• But
• 30-60 DWDM access nodes in leading viable
  carriers U.S. networks

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Regional optical fanout

• In the next generation architecture, regional
  state based optical networking projects are
  critical
• Three-level hierarchy remains vital
• National backbone, GigaPoPs (ARNs), Campuses
• Close collaboration with the GigaPoPs
• Regional Optical Networking project
• U.S. carrier DWDM access is now not nearly as
  widespread as with SONET circa 1998
• 30-60 cities for DWDM
• 120 cities for SONET

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Optical network project differentiation
Distance scale (km) Examples Equipment
Metro lt 60 UWash(SEA) USC/ISI(LA) Dark fiber end terminals
State/ Regional lt 500 I-WIRE (IL), CENIC ONI, I-LIGHT (IN) Add OO amplifiers
Extended Regional/ National gt 500 (LH) TeraGrid NG Abilene Add OEO regenerators OM s
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UCAID objectives for national fiber optical
networking facility

• With partners, help build and operate a
  world-class, national-scale optical networking
  facility
• p2p ?s
• IP/optical experimentation protocol development
• Operational requirements (over time)
• Serve all of higher education
• Coordinate closely with regional optical
  networking initiatives (Quilt RONCO project)
• Focus on optical transport initially

Continue to examine prospects for a national
fiber optical networking facility with key
partners
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More information on Abilene

• www.internet2.edu/abilene
• Contact
• Steve Corbató corbato_at_internet2.edu
• Director, Backbone Network Infrastructure

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Internet2 Focus Areas

• Advanced Network Infrastructure
• Middleware
• Engineering
• Advanced Applications
• Partnerships

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Internet2 Middleware Initiative
middleware.internet2.edu

• Middleware A layer of software between the
  network and the applications
• Middleware Architecture Committee for Education
• Early Harvest and Early Adopters
• Internet2 PKI Labs
• Shibboleth (authentication)
• Computational middleware (Beta Grid)
• Medical middleware
• Directories

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Internet2 Focus Areas

• Advanced Network Infrastructure
• Middleware
• Engineering
• Advanced Applications
• Partnerships

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Engineering Working Groups

• End to End Performance
• Technologies
• IPv6
• Measurement
• Multicast
• Quality of Service
• Routing
• Security
• Topology
• http//www.internet2.edu/html/working-groups.html

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End-to-End Performance Initiativehttp//e2epi.int
ernet2.edu/index.shtml

• To enable the researchers, faculty, students and
  staff who use high performance networks to obtain
  optimal performance from the current
  infrastructure on a consistent basis.

Applications Performance
Raw Connectivity

• True End-to-End Performance requires a system
  approachuser perception, OS, Host IP stack, Host
  network card, LAN, Campus, regional
  network/GigaPoP, link to I2 national
  backbones.all the way to International
  connections!
• E2E piPEline Performance Environment System
• To allow end-users and network operators to
  determine performance capabilities, locate
  problems, and contact the right person to get a
  problem resolved using a collaborative approach.

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Internet2 Focus Areas

• Advanced Network Infrastructure
• Middleware
• Engineering
• Advanced Applications
• Partnerships

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The new science e-science

• Science used to about test tubes, wet labs and
  big instruments
• But increasingly science is moving to networks
  and computers Applications that harness the
  power of the network at the edges
• Science is more global and distributed

folding_at_home
SETI_at_home
Arecibo Radio Telescope

• running on 500,000PCs, 1000 CPU years p/day
• over half a million CPU years so far
• 22 teraflops sustained 24x7

• A virtual supercomputer
• http//www.stanford.edu/group/pandegroup/Cosm/
• http//members.ud.com/vypc/cancer/

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Virtual Observatory

• www.voforum.org
• Discovery process will rely on advanced
  visualization and data mining tools
• Not tied to a single brick and mortar location
• Will cross correlate existing multi-spectral
  databases petabytes in size

No new telescopes or radio dishes. Just big
networks interconnecting large database
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Attributes of Advanced Apps

• Provide qualitative and quantitative improvements
  in how we conduct research and engage in teaching
  and learning
• Common attributes
• Remote instrumentation and interactive
  collaboration
• Distributed data storage and data mining
• Large-scale, multi-site computation
• Real-time access to remote resources
• Dynamic data visualization
• Shared virtual reality
• Tele-immersion
• Digital Libraries, virtual labs, etc
• ..

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Internet2 approach Applications Working Groups

• Health Sciences
• Veterinary Medicine
• Arts Humanities
• Non-tradl Theses
• Arts Performance
• High Energy and Nuclear Physics
• GIS

• Remote Instrumentation
• Voice over IP
• Digital Video
• Videoconferencing
• ResearchChannel
• Network Storage

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Sciences and Engineering highlights
apps.internet2.edu

• NEES Network for Earthquake Engineering
  Simulation
• Earthquake research using real buildings and
  computer simulations
• Remote control of physical experiments requires
  extremely reliable and consistent network
  characteristics
• Video will be crucial both for conferencing and
  data collection
• HENP-WG High Energy and Nuclear Physics Working
  Group
• Terabytes of data (1,000,000,000,000 or 1x1012)
  per experiment from CERN (Switzerland).
• bulk data transfers that are extremely resistant
  to data loss. Work on several protocols that take
  advantage of parallel streams and good neighbor
  practices (passive QOS).
• Astronomy eVLBI - Electronic Very Long Baseline
  Interferometry
• Remote-WG Cross Disciplinary Remote
  Instrumentation Working Group

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Remote Instrumentation and Data Analysis
Large scientific projects increasingly draw on
resources from many countries. Scientists can
use high-performance networks for remote
instrument control and to pool computing
resources for data analysis, improving ease of
use and lowering costs.
The Gemini Observatory Twin Telescopes
An international collaboration (US, Australia,
U.K., Canada, Chile, Argentina, Brazil) NSF
funds US participation
Mauna Kea, Hawaii, USA
Cerro Pachon, Chile
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VLBI - Very Long Baseline Interferometry

• Astronomers collect data about a star from many
  different earth based antennae and send the data
  to a specialized computer for analysis on a 24x7
  basis.
• VLBI is not as concerned with data loss as they
  are with long term stability.
• The end goal is to send data at 1Gb/s from over
  20 antennae that are located around the globe.

Interesting Successfully ran 788 Mbps sustained
test between sites in U.S. Working on prototype
experiment to test their ability to run data to
Europe and Japan.
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Virtual Laboratories
Space Physics Aeronomy Research Collaboratory
(SPARC) University of Michigan NSF

• Distributed nanoManipulatorUniversity of North
  Carolina, Chapel Hill

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Health Sciences http//www.internet2.edu/health/

• 3D Brain Map
• Visualization of data real-time MRI, previously
  stored data, etc.
• Computational information transferred to
  supercomputers and used to understand brain
  functions in real time
• Very large multi-dimensional, multi-modal,
  time-varying data sets
• University of Pittsburgh,Pittsburgh
  Supercomputing Center
• Biomedical Informatics Research Network (BIRN)
• Extremely large data sets and repositories
• Dynamically generate 3D visualizations from
  medical records
• Generating 36Gbytes/day, so new models for
  search, retrieval and analysis will be necessary
• http//birn.ncrr.nih.gov/and http//www.nbirn.net/

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Digital Video Distance Ed

• Tele-presence environments
• Real-time interactions with very high quality
  audio and MPEG-2 video
• as needed meetings connecting faculty and
  staff across the ocean

• Plain and SimpleLanguage/cultural Exchanges
• CCIU World Tour/Univ. of Pennsylvania
• Learning foreign languages through cultural
  exchanges and problem based experiential learning

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Arts and Humanities

• University of Oklahoma Master Classes
• High fidelity video and audio via MPEG2
• Optimized latency, audio/video synchronization
• Connecting Oklahoma with the New World Symphony
  in Miami, Florida
• Zuckerman Interactive
• A collaboration with
• Manhattan School of Music
• Columbia University
• National Arts Centre of Canada
• National Research Council of Canada

Photo by R. Andrew Lepley
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The Internet2 Commons

• An effort to encourage and support large-scale,
  distributed collaboration for RE
• Enabling one-to-one, one-to-group, and
  group-to-group collaboration
• Supporting personal communications, meetings,
  conferences, and teaching and learning
• Share best practices
• Guide to implementations
• facilitate development deployment of projects

• For Internet2 members and their international
  partners
• commons.internet2.edu

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Internet2 Focus Areas

• Advanced Network Infrastructure
• Middleware
• Engineering
• Advanced Applications
• Partnerships

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PartnershipsInternet2 International

• Strategic importance to Internet2
• Ensure global interoperability
• of the next generation of Internet technologies
  and applications
• Enable global collaboration
• in research and education providing/promoting the
  development of an advanced networking environment
  internationally
• Build effective partnerships in other countries
• With organizations of similar goals/objectives
  and similar constituencies
• Mechanism Memoranda of Understanding

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MoU in brief

• Provide/promote interconnectivity between
  communities
• Collaborate on technology development and
  deployment
• Facilitate collaboration between members on
  applications
• Encourage technology transfer

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International MoU Partners
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MoU Partners

• Newest Internet2 MoU Partners Ecuador (CEDIA),
  Slovakia (SANET), Venezuela (CNTI)
• In discussion
• America
• Uruguay, Colombia
• Peru, Nicaragua, Guatemala, Cuba
• Europe
• Russia
• Africa
• South Africa
• Asia
• Malaysia, India

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Resources more information

• On the Web
• www.internet2.edu
• apps.internet2.edu
• www.internet2.edu/abilene
• Email
• info_at_internet2.edu
• Contact us!Ana Preston apreston_at_internet2.edu

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Conclusion

• Leading-edge, high-performance network
  infrastructure is being put in place to support
  science, research, teaching and learning in
  countries around the world
• As a global community, we need to work even more
  closely together to ensure support for global
  applications on an end to end basis

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• GRACIAS !

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www.internet2.edu