Cell Organelles

1
Cell Organelles

• Structures in eukaryotic cells that carry out
  specific activities

2
Cell Wall

• Plants, prokaryotes, and some protists
• Description
• Forms an outer layer
• Rigid, strong, stiff
• Made of cellulose

3
Cell Wall Function

• Support
• Protection
• Allows water, oxygen, and carbon dioxide to pass
  into and out of cells
• Outside walls

4
Cell membrane

• In both plants and animals
• Description
• Plants- inside cell wall
• Animals- outer layer of cell
• Selectively permeable

5
Cell membrane function

• Support and protection
• Controls movt of materials in/out of cell
• Barrier b/t cell and its environment
• Maintains homeostasis
• Shipping/Receiving department

6
Nucleus

• In both plant and animal cells
• Description
• Large, oval
• Enclosed in membrane

7
Nucleus function

• Controls cell activities
• Contains DNA
• Chief Executive Officer (CEO)

8
Nuclear membrane

• In both plant and animal cells
• Description
• Surrounds nucleus
• Selectively permeable

9
Nuclear membrane function

• Controls movement of materials in/out of nucleus
• Doors to CEOs office

10
Nucleolus

• In both plant and animal cells
• Description
• Small, spherical area inside nucleus

11
Nucleolus function

• Site of ribosome synthesis

12
Cytoplasm

• In both animal plant cells
• Description
• Clear, thick, jellylike material organelles
  found inside cell membrane

13
Cytoplasm function

• Supports and protects cell organelles
• Holds them in place
• Factory floor

14
Endoplasmic Reticulum

• Both plant and animal cells
• Description
• Network of tubes or membranes
• Smooth and Rough
• Rough contains ribosomes, smooth doesnt

15
E.R. function

• Moves proteins and other substances through the
  cell
• Helps make lipids
• Assembly line
• (where workers do their work)

16
Ribosomes

• Both animal and plant cells
• Description
• Small bodies free or attached to rough ER
• Made of RNA protein

17
Ribosome function

• Produces proteins
• Workers in assembly line

18
Mitochondrion

• Both animal and plant cells
• Description
• Bean shaped with inner membranes

19
Mitochondria function

• Breaks down sugar molecules into energy
• Where ATP is made
• Has its own DNA
• powerhouse

20
Vacuoles

• Plants- large
• Animals- rare, small
• Description
• Fluid filled sacs

21
Vacuole function

• Stores food, water, wastes
• (plants store large amts of food)
• Storage room/pantry

22
Lysosome

• Uncommon in plants
• Common in animals
• Description
• Small, round, with a membrane sac

23
Lysosome function

• Breaks down larger food molecules into smaller
  molecules
• Digests old cell parts using enzymes
• Maintenance crew
• suicide sacks

24
Chloroplasts

• Only in plants
• Description
• Green, oval
• Usually contain chlorophyll (green pigment)
• Stacks of grana

25
Chloroplasts function

• Uses energy from the sun to make food for the
  plant (photosynthesis)
• Kitchen

26
Cytoskeleton

• Both animal and plant cells
• Description
• Protein filaments throughout cell

27
Cytoskeleton (microtubules) function

• Contributes to the support, movement, and
  division of cells

28
Golgi Appartus/Body

• In both animal and plant cells
• Description
• Fairly large
• 5-8 membrane covered sacs called cisternae

29
Golgi body function

• Helps make and package materials (proteins) to be
  transported out of the cell
• Finishing/packaging department

30

• Questions?
• Homework
• Compare cell to a mall