Immunity

1
Immunity Disease

• Ch 38
• Immunity protection against an invading foreign
  substance

2
Disease/ Health

• Diseasedis-ease
• Imbalance
• Chronic long term
• Acute short term
• Caused by pathogens environment, genetics,
• poor nutrition

• Health
• Homeostasis
• Proper exercise
• Nutrition
• Stress relief
• Strong Immune System
• Natural Defense

3
Pathogen/ Host
Host hostessof the Pathogen party!

• Pathogen
• pathossuffering
• Disease causing agent
• Bacteria
• Virus
• Protist parasite
• Fungus, Mold

4
Innate versus Acquired Immunity

• InnateEarly defenses
• WBC Phagocytes Macrophages
• Skin,Tears, Saliva,Mucus, Sweat
• Histamines swelling

• AcquiredBuild up Resistance
• Immune response
• Lymph system
• Antibody /Cellular immunity type of cells
  involved
• Passive/Active type of exposure

5
The SkinInnate Immunity
6
Acquired Immunity

• Immune System
• Specific
• ActiveNatural exposure elicits immune response
  or vaccination
• Passive from mother or injection of antibodies

7
Cells of the Immune Response
8
Macrophage (WBC) engulfs a bacterium in the
immune system
9
Lymph system fluids Macrophage WBC with lymph
nodes
10
Antibody/Antigen

• Antibody
• antiagainst
• Bodys reaction to an antigen invasion
• Blood protein
• Made in the immune response by plasma B cells

• Antigen
• Invading foreign substance
• Pathogen or
• Toxic chemical
• Elicits the immune response

11
Green antibody battles a red antigen!
12
Antigen-antibody complex

• Unique chemical fit
• Once infected the anti body memory is stored
• Immunity or protection when invaded again

13
Hybrid cell producing antibodies
14
(No Transcript)
15
Virulence/ Toxin

• Virulence
• strength of a pathogen to over come the immune
  defenses
• Amount entry
• Length of exposure
• Individuals health

• Toxin
• toxic
• Harmful substance
• Living or dead
• Cause disease

16
(No Transcript)
17
AIDS break down of the immune system death
due to common diseases versus death by AIDS virus
18
Strep bacteria of Rheumatic Fever
19
Germ Theory

• Microorganisms can cause disease
• Microorganism tiny unseen organism
• Louis Pasteur in mid 1800s

20
Infection

• A growth of a disease causing organism
• In the host
• Depends upon the
• Persons health
• Amount of infection
• Environmental conditions

21
Disinfectant

• Chemicals that kill disease causing
  microorganisms
• Use to sterilize wounds tools
• Discovered by Lister
• Listerine mouthwash

22
Medicinal Leeches Blood letting
23
Skull boring to drive out evil spirits of an ill
person!
24
Penicillin mold anti-bactericide
25
Kochs Postulates

• Rules demonstrating
• microorganisms
• cause disease
• Isolate germ
• Grow it in culture
• Inject it
• Look for the disease

26
Infectious disease

• Disease transmitted from one individual to
  another
• Spread by
• Water
• Air
• Direct contact

Tuberculosis Lung Disease
27
Carrier

• Carry the disease
• But show NO symptoms
• Infectious spread the disease

28
Staphylococcus Bacteria

• Causes sore throat
• Spread by carriers
• Also pimples
• Cleanliness is important

Coccus Round shaped bacteria
29
Toxin

• Poisons produced by an organism
• Causes harm to other organisms
• Example
• Tetanus bacteria
• Poison Brazilian darts

30
Other microorganisms disease

• Viruses
• HIV virus
• Flu virus
• Polio virus
• Protozoans
• Amebic dysentery
• Malaria
• Fungi
• Athletes foot
• Ringworm
• Yeast infections

31
Yeast Infections
32
Cynobacteria Heterotoph
Makes its own food!
Salmonella Eats others