Java Card Technology Ch01: Smart card Introduction

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Java Card TechnologyCh01 Smart card Introduction

• Instructors
• Fu-Chiung Cheng
• (???)
• Associate Professor
• Computer Science Engineering
• Tatung University

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Smart card basic

• Smart cards
• Same size as a credit card
• Store and process information through the
  electronic circuits embedded in silicon
• are portable and tamper-resistant computers

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Brief History

• Inventers
• 1968 Jurgen Dethloff Helmut Grotrupp, German
• 1970 Kunitaka Arimura, Japan
• Real Progress
• 74-79 Oland Moreno filed 47 smart card-related
  patents
• Commercialized smart card
• Late 70s CII, Honeywell, Bull

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Brief History

• Initial tries
• Early 80s France and Germany
• Pre-paid phone card and secure debit/credit bank
  cards
• Todays applications
• Public Phones, Mobile Phones, Bank Cards,
  HealthCare, Electronic Purse, Electronic
  Ticketing, Access Control, Identity, Loyalty,
  Gaming
• . (only limited to your imagination)
• Read pages 5-7

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Challenges in development of smart card
applications

• Developing smart card applications is lengthy and
  difficult
• Cards are standards in size, shape and
  communication protocol but the inner workings
  differ widely from one manufacturer to another.
• Most smart card development tools are built by
  the smart card manufacturers
• Applications are written in assembly
• Applications are run on dedicated hardware
  emulator

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Challenges in development of smart card
applications

• It is virtually impossible for third parties to
  develop applications independently and sell to
  issuers
• No standard high-level APIs available in smart
  cards
• Upgrading software or moving applications to a
  different platform is particularly difficult or
  impossible.
• Smart card applications were developed to run on
  proprietary platforms, applications form
  different service providers can not coexist and
  run on a single card

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Java Card solutions

• Ease of applications development
• Security
• Hardware independence
• Ability to store and manage multiple applications
  
• Compatibility with existing smart card standard

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Java Card Brief History

• Java Card APIs were introduced by Schlumberger in
  Nov. 1996
• 1997 Bull and Gemplus joined Schlumberger to
  cofound the Java Card forum
• Java Card 1.0 consists of only spec for APIs and
  is not extensible platform
• Java Card 2.0 (Nov. 97)
• Provided OO way to write applets
• Provided application runtime environment
• Downloadable applet format was not specified

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Java Card Brief History

• Java Card 2.1 (Mar. 99) consisted of
• Java Card 2.1 API spec
• Java Card 2.1 runtime environment spec
• Java Card 2.1 virtual machine spec
• Now Java Card 2.1.2

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Java Card Technology Web site

• http//java.sun.com/products/javacard/index.html