Cal 2108 Happy VDay

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Cal 2/1/08 - Happy V-Day

• Explain to me how this crazy apparatus works.
• Name the glassware and tools.

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Calisthenics- 2/6/08

• Physical properties can be observed without
  changing the substance. To observe a chemical
  property, you must change the substances
  identity. Both describe the substance.

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Physical/ Chemical Properties

• Physical properties boiling point, density,
  color, mass, volume, the list goes on.
• Chemical properties- Reactivity and Flammability.

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Objectives

• Explain how todays model of an atom developed.
• Describe the structure of the nuclear atom.

Vocab

• Element, atom, electron, proton, neutron,
  nucleus, electron cloud.

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Atoms can be powerful
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Greek Model

• Democritus
• Atoms can be different shapes and sizes.
• Matter can not be divided smaller than an atom.
• Show me what it looked like?

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Democritus
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Daltons Model

• All elements are made of atoms which are
  indivisible.
• Atoms of the same element are the same.
• Compounds are formed by the joining of atoms.
• Show me what it looked like?

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Daltons Model
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J.J.Thomsons Model

• Bent a beam with magnets.
• Atoms were made of positive and negative charges.
• Atoms can be divided.
• Discovered the electron.
• Show me what it looked like?

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Thomsons Model
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Rutherfords Model

• Shot alpha particles at thin gold foil.
• Expected slight deflection
• Gotsome fully bounced back
• Discovered the nucleus.
• Show me what it looked like?

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Rutherfords Model
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Bohrs Model

• Electrons moved in orbits around the nucleus like
  planets around the sun.
• Show me what it looked like?

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Bohrs Model
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Wave Model

• Heisenberg developed a model that said electrons
  are most likely to be in energy levels around the
  nucleus.
• Developed the electron cloud model. (Heisenberg
  Uncertainty Principle)
• Show me what it looked like?

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Summary of Models
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Timeline Summary
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Atomic Structure

• An atom is the smallest part of an element that
  has all the properties of the element.

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Protons, Electrons, Neutrons

• Proton A positively charged particle found in
  the nucleus.

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Protons
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Neutrons
Electrically neutral particle found in the
nucleus with the same mass as a proton.
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Electrons
Negatively charged particle found around the
nucleus w/ tiny mass.