POSITIVE ATTITUDE BUILDING

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POSITIVE ATTITUDE BUILDING

• T.M.JAYASEKERA
• B Sc. Eng.,C Eng., MBA,MICE,MSLIM,MSLITD,FIE,FIM,F
  CIWEM
• MANAGEMENT CONSULTANT

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WHAT IS MEANT BY ATTITUDE

• WHAT HAVE YOU GOT TO SAY?

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WHAT IS AN ATTITUDE?

• Attitude is a state of mind
• Your attitude is your mind-set
• It is the way you look at things mentally
• Attitudes are evaluative statements
• They indicate ones feelings either favourably or
  unfavourably to persons objects and or events

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ATTITUDES ARE EVALUATIVE STATEMENTS

• Attitude reflect how one feels about something
• Ex. When someone says I like teaching he is
  expressing his attitude about his work

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HOW ATTITUDE WORKS

• It is a cognitive and affective evaluation that
  predisposes a person to to act in a certain way

Cognitive
Affective
BEHAVIOUR
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THREE COMPONENTS OF ATTITUDES?

• Cognitions (Thoughts)
• Affections (Feelings)
• Behaviour ( Actions and reactions)

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THREE COMPONENTS OF ATTITUDES- AN EXAMPLE

• Cognitions (My job is interesting)
• Affections (I love my job)
• Behaviour ( I am going to get to work early with
  a smile on my face- my intention to act)

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DEFINITION OF ATTITUDE?

• Attitude is defined as the persistent tendency to
  feel and behave in a particular way towards some
  objects, persons or events

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WHAT ARE THE SALIENT FEATURES ABOUT AITUDES?

• Attitudes are related to feelings and beliefs
  about people
• Attitude is a response to persons objects or
  events
• Attitudes affect behaviour positively or
  negatively
• Attitudes undergo changes
• Attitudes affect perception, and in turn,
  behaviour

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HOW ATTITUDES ARE FORM ED- DIRECT LEARNING AND
SOCIAL LEARNING

• Attitudes are not inherited
• They are acquired or learned by people from the
  environment in which they interact
• The formation of attitudes is broadly classified
  in to two sources namely
• 1. Direct experience
• 2. Social Learning

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PROCESS OF LEARNING ATTITUDES FROM OBSERVATION-
DIRECT LEARNING

• Ones direct experience with an object or person
  serves as a powerful source for his or her
  attitude formation
• In other words attitudes are formed on the basis
  of ones past experience in concerned object or
  person

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PROCESS OF LEARNING ATTITUDES FROM OBSERVATION-
SOCIAL LEARNING

• The process of deriving attitudes from family
  peer groups religious organizations and culture
  is called social learning
• In social learning a person acquires attitudes
  from his or her environment in an indirect manner
  
• They acquire it mainly by observing their models

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PROCESS OF LEARNING ATTITUDES FROM OBSERVATION-
SOCIAL EARNING

• Attention - focus on something
• Retention - what observed must be retained
• Reproduction - Behaviour must be practiced again
  and again
• Motivation - learner must be motivated to learn
  from it

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ROLE OF CULTURE IN ATTITUDE FORMATION

• Culture plays a definitive role in the formation
  of attitudes
• Ex- Sri lankans earn for future requirements
• Americans for that matter earn to enjoy the
  present

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THREE TYPES OF JOB RELATED ATTITUDES

• Job satisfaction - Individuals pleasurable or
  positive emotional state toward his job
• Job Involvement - the degree to which people
  immerse themselves in their jobs - It is
  identifying with ones job
• Organizational commitment - it is about employees
  loyalty towards their organizations - It is
  identifying with ones organization

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JOB SATISFACTION IS RELATED WITH FIVE SPECIFC
JOB DIMENSIONS

• PAY
• WORK ITSELF
• PROMOTIONAL OPPORTUNITIES
• SUPERVISION
• CO-WORKERS

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JOB INVOLVEMENT

• It is the degree to which employees immerse
  themselves in their jobs, invest time and energy
  in them and consider work as central part of
  their overall lives
• Such employees tend to be high performers and
  seldom tardy and get absent

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ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT

• It is an attitude about employees commitment to
  the organization
• It is the process by which an employee identify
  with the organization and and want to maintain
  membership with the organization

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WHAT IS A POSITIVE ATTITUDE

• WHAT HAVE YOU GOT TO SAY?

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WHAT IS A POSITIVE ATTITUDE

• Attitude is the way you communicate your mood to
  others
• The way you perceive the world and your position
  in it directly affects your dealings with others
• a positive self image will reinforce and improve
  both professional and personal relationships

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ATTITUDE IS YOUR MENTAL FOCUS ON THE OUTSIDE
WORLD

• Like using a camera you can focus or set your
  mind on what appeals to you
• You can see situations as either opportunities or
  failures
• Examples
• A hot summer day may be beautiful or ugly
• A departmental meeting is either interesting or
  boring

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ARE YOU AWARE OF THIS?

• When you are optimistic and anticipate successful
  encounters you transmit a positive attitude and
  people usually respond favourably
• When you are pessimistic and expect the worst
  your attitude is often negative and people tend
  to avoid you
• Quite simply you take the picture of life you
  want to take

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EMPHASIZING THE POSITIVE AND DIFFUSING THE
NEGATIVE

• Emphasizing the positive and diffusing the
  negative is like using a magnifying glass
• You can place the glass over good news and feel
  better or you can magnify bad news and make
  yourself miserable
• Magnifying situations can become a habit
• if you continually focus on difficult situations
  the result will be exaggerated distortions of
  problems

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A BETTER APPROACH

• Imagine you have binoculars
• Use magnifying end to view positive things
• Use the other end whenever you encounter negative
  elements to make them appear smaller
• Once you know to highlight the positive you are
  on the right road

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WHAT CAN WE LEARN FORM THIS

• Think more about the positive things and try to
  make use of the positives to drive your life
• This means that you have learnt to alter your
  imagery to highlight the positive
• This means that you are on the right road

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REMEMBER! ATTITUDE IS NEVER STATIC! IT IS AN
ONGOING DYNAMIC PERCEPTUAL PROCESS
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Unless you are on constant guard negatives can
slip in to your mind which make your mind time
spend on difficulties rather than on
opportunities
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If negative factors stay around for a long time
they will be reflected in your disposition The
positive may be still there but may be
overshadowed by the negative
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Challenge!

• Push the negative factors to the outer perimeter
  of your thinking
• Those who will learn the trick will reflect it
  and others will notice it

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Challenge!

• Of course! No one can be positive all the time
• Excessive optimism is not realistic
• Positive attitude is not an act. It must be
  genuine

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HOW TO MEASURE ATTITUDES

• Self- Report
• Indirect tests
• Direct observation Techniques
• Psychological Reaction Techniques

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HOW TO CHANGE ATTITUDES

• Filling in information Gap
• use of fear
• Resolving Discrepancies
• Impact of peers
• The co-opting approach

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Thank you very much! T.M.Jayasekera