Team 4 Mountain View Community Hospital

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Team 4Mountain View Community Hospital

• Grant Goodart
• Josh Currier
• Jordan Grant
• Phil Akosah

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Background Info on MVCH

• MVCH depends on many different groups of people
  for continued success as a large service
  organization.
• There are four groups of people who make up the
  operating functions of the hospital. Employees,
  Physicians, Patients, and Volunteers.
• These groups have common attributes which are
  shared. These attributes include Person_ID
  (identifier), name, address, city/state/zip, date
  of birth, and telephone number.

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Unshared Attributes

• There is at least one unique attribute of in each
  of the four groups.
• Employees
• Volunteers
• Physicians
• Patients

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Exceptions

• The majority of the people in the hospital
  community can be categorized in the previously
  mentioned groups. However, a relatively small
  number will not belong to one of the groups.
• Conversely, a particular person may belong to two
  (or more) of these groups at a given time. An
  example would include a patient who is also a
  volunteer.

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Constraints of Physician and Patient

• Patients at MVCH will have one (and only one)
  physician who is responsible for that patient.
• A given physician may not be responsible for a
  patient at a given time, or may be responsible
  for one or more patients.
• Patients are divided into two groups Resident
  and Outpatient.
• Each resident patient has a Date_Admitted
  attribute, while each out-patient is scheduled
  for zero or more visits.
• The entity visit has two attributes Date(partial
  identifier) and comments. Please notice that an
  instance of visit cannot exist without an
  out-patient owner entity.

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Constraints of Employees

• Employees are subdivided into three groups
  nurse, staff, and technician. Only the nurse has
  the attribute Certificate, which indicates the
  qualification (RN, LPN, CNA). Only staff has the
  attribute Job_Class. Only technician has the
  attribute Skill.
• Each nurse is assigned to one (and only one) care
  center. Examples of care centers are Maternity,
  Emergency, and Cardiology. Attributes of care
  center are Name (identifier) and Location. A
  care center may have one or more nurses assigned
  to it.

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Constraints Employees

• Additionally, for each care center, one of the
  nurses assigned to that care center is appointed
  nurse in charge. A nurse cannot be appointed
  nurse in charge unless she or he has an RN
  certificate.
• Technicians are assigned to one or more
  laboratories. Attributes of laboratory include
  Name (identifier) and Location. A Laboratory
  must have at least one technician assigned to it
  and may have any number of technicians assigned.

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Constraints of Bedding

• There may be no beds assigned to a care center,
  or a care center may have one or more beds (up to
  any number) assigned to it. The only attribute
  of bed is Bed_ID (identifier). Bed_Id is a
  composite attribute with components Bed number
  and Room number.
• Each resident patient must be assigned to a bed.
  A bed may or may not have a resident patient
  assigned to it at a given time.

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Joshs Question

• Is it better for Nurse to be assigned to a
  Patient or to a Physician?

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Project Question 1

• Is the ability to model supertype/subtype
  relationships likely to be important in a
  hospital environment such as MVCH? Why or why not?

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Project Question 1Answer

• Yes, the ability to model supertype/subtype
  relationships is likely to be very important for
  a hospital. A modern hospital is a triumph of
  specialization. Many hospital entities are
  likely to have subtypes for the following example

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Project Question 1Answer

• Item possible subtypes are supply, item, and
  prescription item.
• Patient possible subtypes are in patient and out
  patient.
• Test possible subtypes are Scan and Blood Test
• Procedure possible subtypes are Biopsy and
  Surgical

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Project Question 2

• Can the business rules paradigm and the ability
  to easily define, implement, and maintain
  business rules be used as a competitive advantage
  in a hospital environment such as MVCH? Why or
  why not?

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Project Question 2Answer

• Yes, the business rules paradigm could be used as
  a competitive advantage for MVCH. In response to
  environmental changes, business rules can be used
  by the business to quickly change its procedures
  and processes.

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Project Question 3

• Do there appear to be any weak entities in the
  description of the data requirements in this
  project segment? If so, what are they?

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Project Question 3Answer

• One weak entity was found in this case. The
  entity VISITS, is scheduled for outpatients.
  Visits is a weak entity dependent upon
  OUTPATIENTS. The clause an instance of visit
  cannot exist without an outpatient owner entity
  verifies this claim.

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Grants Question

• How does specialization help the hospital during
  its daily business operations?

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Project Question 4

• Can you think of any business rules (other than
  the one explicitly described in the case) that
  are likely to be used in a hospital environment?

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Project Question 4Answer

• Business Rule is a statement that defines or
  constrains some aspect of the business.
• Nurses have the attribute certificate, indicating
  RN, LPN, CNA. Granted that hospitals do not
  conduct nursing education, a person must go to an
  educational institute to receive a certificate,
  before eligibility for employment as a nurse
• Patients are divided into two groups resident
  and outpatient. A patients classification
  cannot change without the approval of a physician.

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Project Exercise 1

• Draw an EER diagram to accurately represent this
  set of requirements, carefully following the
  notation from this chapter.

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Project Exercise 2

• Develop Definitions for each of the following
  types of objects in your EER diagram from project
  exercise 1. Consult with some member of the
  hospital or health-care community if one is
  available otherwise make reasonable assumptions
  based on your own knowledge and experience
• A Entity Types
• B Attributes
• C Relationships

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Project Exercise 2Answer

• A Entities
• Patient a person who has been admitted in the
  hospital for treatment
• Physician a person who is licensed to practice
  medicine
• Employee a person working for the hospital who
  is paid by the hospital for their work
• Volunteer - a person working for the hospital who
  is not paid by the hospital for their work
• Care Center an organization that does a set
  group of services that are directed for patient
  care
• Laboratory room in which technicians are
  assigned to work on experiments that will later
  help patients

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Project Exercise 2Answer

• B Attributes
• Person ID social security number
• Skill certain ability that can be done
• Specialty area of practice of a certain
  physician
• Location floor number and room number
• C Relationships
• Responsible relates which physician is
  responsible for a number of patients
• Assigned relates which technician is assigned
  to a number of laboratories
• IN Charge shows which nurse is in charge of any
  one care center
• Scheduled relates which outpatient with an
  instance of a visit to the hospital

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Jordans Question

• Why is VISIT a weak entity?

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Project Exercise 3

• You should recognize the statement a nurse
  cannot be appointed nurse_in_charge of a care
  center unless she or he has a RN certificate as
  a statement does not conform the syntax we
  developed in this chapter for stating business
  rules in the form constrained object, constraint
  condition, constraining object(s). Revise the
  statement so that it conforms to this syntax.
  Then answer the following questions
• What is the constrained object?
• Is it an entity, an attribute, a relationship, or
  some other object?
• What is the constraining object (or objects, if
  more than one)?
• Is it an entity, an attribute, a relationship, or
  some other type of object?

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Project Exercise 3Answer

• The constrained object is the instance In_Charge,
  which is a relationship.
• The constrained object is the instance Possesses,
  which is also a relationship.
• The rule can be reworded as follows In order
  for a nurse to be selected nurse_in_charge of a
  care center, that nurse must have an RN
  certificate.

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Project Exercise 4

• Compare the EER diagram that you developed in
  this chapter with the E-R diagram you developed
  in Chapter 3, project exercise 2. What are the
  differences between these two diagrams? Why are
  there differences?

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Project Exercise 4Answer

• First, we will define the characteristics of both
  diagrams.
• E-R Diagram (entity relationship) is a
  graphical representation of an entity
  relationship model
• EER Diagram (Enhanced entity relationship) is
  a model that has resulted from extending the
  original E-R model with new modeling constructs.
  The new modeling constructs would mainly be the
  supertype/subtype relationships.
• Comparison Differences When we compare the EER
  diagram to the ERD diagram displayed in chapter
  3, we use the top-down approach using PERSON as
  the root entity.

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Project Exercise 4Answer

• Previously in the E-R diagram, we did not use the
  entity PERSON. With this root entity, we can
  show all attributes common to our four entity
  groups. Then, the subtype discriminator (overlap
  rule) reflects our four groups. We can then
  answer Yes or No to Employed?/Not Employed?.
  This is an excellent in describing a volunteer
  from physician. Using the E-R diagram, we could
  not illustrate this. With the entity EMPLOYEE,
  we are able to use the subtype discriminator
  (disjoint rule) to indicate NURSE, STAFF,
  TECHNICIAN. E-R diagrams, are not capable of
  producing these details this clear.

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Project Exercise 5

• Merge the two diagrams from Project Exercise 4
  and form Project Exercise 2 in chapter 3 into a
  single diagram.

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Project Exercise 5 Answer

• The benefit of combining these diagrams is how it
  utilizes the supertype/subtype relationship.

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Phils Question

• No New Question Submitted.

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