THE CELL AND SOPHISTICATED TISSUE SYSTEMS ORGANS

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THE CELL AND SOPHISTICATED TISSUE SYSTEMS - ORGANS
FUNGI - SIMPLE, CELLS FORM NO REAL TISSUES
PLANTS - 3 ORGANS 1)LEAF 2)STEM 3)ROOT
EACH PLANT ORGAN HAS 3 TISSUES- DERMAL,
VASCULAR, AND GROUND
AND EACH OF THESE TISSUES COMPOSED OF DIFFERENT
CELL TYPES.
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DERMAL TISSUE Outer layer of the plant.
EPIDERAML CELLS, GUARD CELLS
VASCULAR TISSUE XYLEM PHLOEM XYLEM- Transport
of water from roots to rest of plant. CELL TYPE
TRACHEIDS. These cells undergo apoptosis,
leaving behind empty hulls that allow water to
flow through them. PHLOEM- Transport of
carbohydrates and other nutrients throughout the
plant. SIEVE CELLS and COMPANION CELLS cooperate
to form the channels through which this nutrient
solution, called sap, flows.
GROUND TISSUE cells involved with storage,
support, and photosynthesis PARENCHYMA CELLS
relatively non-specialized. they carry out
photosynthesis, storage, and defense functions.
COLLENCHYMA AND SCHLERENCHYMA CELLS Secrete
large amounts of cellulose to provide mechanical
support for the plant.
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ANIMAL CELLS AND TISSUES
EPITHELIAL Skin( keratinocytes), intestinal
lining (columnar epithelial).
NERVOUS Brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves
(Neurons and supporting cells)
CONNECTIVE TISSUE Bone (osteocyte), Blood(red
blood cells lympnocytes), cartilage(chondrocyte),
Regular (Fibroblasts that secrete collagen and
other fiberous proteins).
MUSCLE Muscle cells. Muscle cells are
multinucleate, ie. many cells fused to form one
giant cell. Such a fusion cell is called a
syncytium
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MANY TISSUES COMPOSED OF MORE THAN ONE CELL
TYPES. THESE ARE COMLEX TISSUES.
THOSE TISSUES COMPOSED OF ONE CELL TYPE ARE
REFERRED TO AS SIMPLE TISSUES