Physical Network Basics

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Physical Network Basics

• prepared by
• Jason Lee Davis

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Multipoint Topologies

• Linear -AKA- Bus Traditional Bus, 32 nodes
  maximum
• Ring Scalable, high bandwidth, fault tolerant
• Star Basic distribution from hubs
• Tree Cascading Stars
• Switch Star with hub providing switching
  function
• Mesh Parallel processors (Intel Paragon),
• Supercomputers

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Linear or Bus
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Ring
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Star

• Switch
• Tree

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Mesh
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AREA NETWORK BUSES PrototypeBus
Standard Data Rate
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SONETSynchronous Optical NETwork

• Uses Optical Carrier (OC)
• Bandwidth in multiples of 51.84 Mbps
• OC-1 51.84 Mbps
• OC-3 155.52 Mbps -ATM
• OC-12 622.08 Mbps -Prototype ATM
• OC-48 2488.32 Mbps
• OC-192 9953.28 Mbps
• etc.

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Ethernet Protocol ChannelsBase
Cable Type Data Rate Length Connector
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Cable Varieties

• Coax Twisted Pair Fiber Optic

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Network Installation

• Directional Boring

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Network Installation

• Fiber Optic Cable Installation

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Telco Connections

• POTS Plain Old Telephone Service (analog)
• 56 kbps
• Narrowband ISDN - BRI (Basic Rate Interface)
  (digital)
• 2 X 64 kbps (B channels) 16 kbps (D channel)
• Broadband ISDN - PRI (Primary Rate Interface)
  (digital)
• 23 X 64 kbps (B channels) 16 kbps (D channel)
• T1 (digital)
• 1.544 Mbps
• T3 (digital)
• 45 Mbps

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Example Campus Network
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