SEOUL Challenges

1
SEOUL Challenges for Environmentally Sustainable
Transport
Dr. GyengChul Kim Department of Urban
Transit Seoul Development Institute of
SMG (gckim_at_sdi.re.kr)
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Facts About Seoul
With a population of 10 million, Seoul is a
world-renowned megalopolis. It occupies 605
square kilometers or 0.6 of the nations
territory.
Seoul is the economic heart of Korea, and has
been the key driver of Koreas economic
growth. Seouls GRDP as of 2004 was 187 trillion
dollar (U.S.), according for 23 the national
GDP.
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Population Vehicles

• ? Registered vehicles 46 times
• 1970 60 thousands
• 2003 2.8 millions

• ? Population doubled
• 1970 5.4 million
• 2003 10.4 million

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Gridlock of SEOUL in 90s
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Strategy(PUSH PULL)
? Transit System Integration for Multi-Modal
? Physical (between modes(StationStops)) ?
Network (Railway, Bus, and others) ? Fare
(Equity, Providing incentives ) ? Information
(Seamless transfer) ? Institutional (Custom-based)
? CAR Space REFORM
? GREENING of Car Space ? Pedestrian Friendly
Street ? Culture Re-creative Space
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Revenue System Change
After
Before
? Revenue based on Number of Passengers
? Revenue based on Service Distance
(Veh?km) BMS

• Friendly drivers
• No route ownership
• Effective route reorg.
• Decrease of total op. cost
• ? Decrease of gov. subsidy
• ? Service Quality

Bus Stop

• Excessive competition
• Chaos on roads (interruptions)
• Quick Stops and Start
• Driver vs Passenger FTG
• ? Service Quality

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Results of Bus Re-routing

• Increase - Network Capacity ? new Bus Route BRT
• - Bus ridership
• - Bus Frequency( Keep Interval )
• Decrease Total Bus Operation Cost
• Increase - Bus Company Revenue
• Decrease Subsidy of SMG

8
Create Bus Priority MB Lane
Expansion Plan (13 lines/192?)
? Status of Existing Bus Lanes(2005) ?Exclusive
median bus lanes 7 lines/ 84? ?Curbside bus
lanes 293.6?
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? CNG buses
2010
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Passenger-car Reduction Policy
? Restoration of Cheonggyecheon

• Decrease of car-traffic volume 125,000 veh/day

After(Sep. 2005)
Before
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? CheonGyeCheon Restoration
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Achievement Air Pollution
13
Achievement Fuel Consumption
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Key Messages from Seoul
? Make Success Story dramatically ex) BRT
with Restructuring ALL re-Coloring,
re-Routing, Free Transfer, re-Spacing,
delete M-wayParking Lot, Use IT for
exciting Transit ?MY Authority First, and Ask
others Take Transit, NO-AUTO ?War against
Auto, Dancing with Transit Users With NGO,
Labor Union, Political leader
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INTEGRATION ISSUE for Public Transit
Public Transit Station Network Information Org. F
are
TDM Congestion Pricing Re designre-spacing
Emission Control Diesel car surveillance Fine
system
Land Use Planning TOD (Long term)

• IT System Solution ?
• Political WILL ?