Ch 14 Urbanization

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Ch 14Urbanization
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What is a city?

• Write down an example
• Share with your neighbor
• With your neighbor decide what makes it different
  from a community that isnt a city?
• Share with class

3
What is a city?

• City
• Large number of people
• Concentrated in a place (higher density)
• Permanent settlement
• Dont produce all their own food
• Requires a food surplus
• What type of society would produce a surplus?

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Urbanization

• Urbanization
• Process by which increasing proportion of
  population live in cities (G-11)
• Impacts society
• Associated with industrialization
• Modernization
• 45 of world

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Urbanization

• Metropolis
• Central city suburbs
• Connected by transportation communication
• Economic political ties
• 274 Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSAs)
• Megalopolis
• Region urbanized
• At least 2 metropolises run into each other
• 20 in U.S.

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Models of Urban Growth

• Human ecology
• Robert E. Park
• How people adapt to environment
• Focus on urban
• Originated at Univ of Chicago in 1920s
• Describe/explain structure process of growth
• 3 models developed by Chicago sociologists
  geographers
• Concentric zone
• Sector
• Multiple nuclei

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Concentric Zone

• Ernest Burgess
• City expands outward from center

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Sector Model

• Homer Hoyt
• Focus on transportation routes
• District
• A Central Business District
• B1 Wholesale, light manufacturing
• B2 Lower Class Residential
• C Middle Class Residential
• D Upper Class Residential
• E Suburbs/Commuter Zone

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Multiple Nuclei Model

• Harris Ullman geographers
• Some cities have several centers
• http//www.uncc.edu/hscampbe/landuse/b-models/B-3
  mods.html

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Urban change problems

• Suburbanization
• Newer development, more space
• Avoid urban social problems, e.g., crime
• Results in declining urban neighborhoods
• As property ages reduced tax base to support
  schools, urban services
• Segregation by class and race
• Redlining banks wont provide mortgages in area
• Deindustrialization
• industries leave cities
• be more competitive in global marketplace

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What did you learn?

• Write down 2 things you learned about
  urbanization
• Give it to your neighbor