Acids

1
Acids Bases

• Their Properties Naming Guidelines

2
Properties of Acids

• Taste sour
• Itchy on skin, will burn if concentrated
• Turns Blue litmus paper Red
• Red litmus paper stays Red
• Neutralization
• Acid Base ? Salt Water
• Ex Vinegar, Citrus Fruit

3
Properties of Bases

• Taste Bitter
• Feel Slippery
• Turns Red litmus paper Blue
• Blue litmus paper stays Blue
• Reacts with Acid in same neutralization
• Ex Soap, Milk of Magnesia, Most Cleaners

4
Naming Acids

• Binary Acids
• Contain H and one other element
• To Name
• Hydro second element name ic Acid
• Ex HCl Hydro chlorine ine ic Acid
• Hydrochloric Acid
• HF
• Hydroflouric Acid

5
Naming Acids (cont.)

• Ternary Acids
• Contain H, O and one more element
• To Name
• 3rd element name ic Acid
• Ex HNO3 Nitrogen ogen ic Acid
• Nitric Acid
• HClO3
• Chloric Acid

6
Naming Acids (cont.)

• If the Acid has one more Oxygen than the base
  acid, the naming goes as followed
• To Name
• Per 3rd element ic Acid
• Ex HNO4 Per Nitrogen ogen ic Acid
• Pernitric Acid
• H2SO5
• Persulfuric Acid

7
Naming Acids (cont.)

• If the Acid has one less Oxygen than the base
  acid, the naming goes as followed
• To Name
• 3rd element ous Acid
• Ex HNO2 Nitrogen ogen ous Acid
• Nitrous Acid
• H2SO3
• Sulfurous Acid

8
Naming Acids (cont.)

• If the Acid has two less Oxygens than the base
  acid, the naming goes as followed
• To Name
• Hypo 3rd element ous Acid
• Ex HClO Hypo chlorine ine ous Acid
• Hypochlorous Acid
• HNO
• Hyponitrous Acid

9
Naming Bases

• Name the metal first
• Add Hydroxide
• Ex NaOH Sodium Hydroxide
• KOH
• Potassium Hydroxide

10
Practicing Naming Acids Bases
Formula Binary or Ternary Name
HCl B Hydrochloric Acid
HI B Hydroiodic Acid
HNO3 T Nitric Acid
H2SO4 T Sulfuric Acid
H3PO4 T Phosphoric Acid
H2CO3 T Carbonic Acid
11
Practice Naming Acids Bases
Formula Name
NaOH Sodium Hydroxide
KOH Potassium Hydroxide
Mg(OH)2 Magnesium Hydroxide
Al(OH)2 Aluminum Hydroxide
NH4OH Ammonium Hydroxide
12
Naming Various Acid Forms
Acid Name
H2SO5 Persulfuric Acid
H2SO4 Sulfuric Acid
H2SO3 Sulfurous Acid
H2SO2 Hyposulfurous Acid
13
Naming Various Acid Forms (cont.)
Acid Name
H2CO4 Percarbonic Acid
H2CO3 Carbonic Acid
H2CO2 Carbonous Acid
H2CO Hypocarbonous Acid
14
Naming Various Acid Forms (cont.)
Acid Name
HClO4 Perchloric Acid
HClO3 Chloric Acid
HClO2 Chlorous Acid
HClO Hypochlorous Acid
15
Naming Various Acid Forms (cont.)
Acid Name
HNO4 Pernitric Acid
HNO3 Nitric Acid
HNO2 Nitrous Acid
HNO Hyponitrous Acid