Inter-Relations within DAPPLE - The Determinants for Exposure

1
Inter-Relations within DAPPLE - The Determinants
for Exposure
Dispersion Air Pollution Penetration Local
Environment
DAPPLE brings together a multidisciplinary
research group that is capable of undertaking
field, wind tunnel and computational simulations
so as to provide better understanding of the
physical processes affecting street and
neighbourhood scale flow and pollutant
dispersion. The street canyon intersection is the
simplest case that includes sufficient complexity
to demonstrate most of the factors that will
apply in a wide range of urban situations. The
study will investigate the influence of roadside
buildings on dispersion, the movement of vehicles
on emissions variability, and interactions
between these. Conditions of moderate winds and
slow-moving traffic will be used to assess the
extent to which our understanding of the basic
street-canyon intersection under typical
dispersion conditions reveals principles that are
applicable to other urban situations and more
adverse weather conditions.
of

• FIELD CAMPAIGNS
• Field measurements are being undertaken within a
  250m radius of the intersection of Marylebone
  Road and Gloucester Place intersection, Central
  London (NW1). This region of Westminster is one
  of the most polluted regions of the UK, where
  particulate and NOx levels frequently breach air
  quality standards. Indeed the council was the
  first to declare and publish an Air Quality
  Action Plan ( AQMA, 9th March, 1999).
• The first campaign will occur between 29th April
  23rd May 2003. The second campaign will be
  either Oct/Nov 2003 or April/May 2004
• There are three elements to the field
  measurements
• Meteorology (synoptic gt city gt neighbourhood gt
  street canyon)
• Personal exposure/background pollution and
• Tracer experiment.

WINDTUNNEL COMPUTATIONAL SIMULATIONS Wind
tunnel and numerical models will be used to
reproduce the field site at differing degrees of
detail. Indeed, one question to be answered is
how much detail (e.g. box buildings gt roof
structures gt window sills) is required for
results from simulated experiments to be
representative.
The wind tunnel experiments will be conducted at
EnFlo, the Environmental Flow Research
Laboratory, University of Surrey (above). A
comprehensive range of numerical modeling, with
contributions from all of the collaborating
Universities, will be undertaken with examples
ranging from ADMS urban (see right for colour
coded red high, blue low - NOx plot for
Westminster Council) to fully integrated LES
codes.
LAT/LONG N 513119 W000935 OS (WGS84) X
052778 Y 181927
X
Regents Park
AIMS INTER-RELATIONSHIPS DAPPLE will examine
the inter-relationships between pollution
emissions, dispersion amongst complex man-made
topography and the exposure of people moving
through the area using different means of
transport to answer important questions about
urban air quality.
At intersection looking North along Gloucester
Place one way N (left) and AURN Super site on
Marylebone Road dual carriage way (below).
into the
X
Marylebone Rd.
Strand/ Thames
Hyde Park
Synoptic Meteorology
Imperial College
Dispersion Emissions Movement
Buildings
Maps curtesy of CR World (top) and Multimap
(right), photos S Arnold J Barlow.
Vehicle Induced Turbulence
X
Road Design
Marylebone Road looking E (top) and Salisbury
Place looking W at back of Council Building
(right).
Bickenhall St looking E with Westminster Uni
tower (reference station) in background (above)
and Gloucester Place South looking N (left).
A Consortium Research Project funded by the UK
EPSRC Engineering for Health, Infrastructure and
the Environment Programme, building on the
research agendas defined by the APRIL Network and
the EUROTRAC-2 SATURN Project.
CONTACTS Alan Robins a.robins_at_surrey.ac.uk Roy
Colvile r.colvile_at_imperial.ac.uk Surbjit Kaur
surbjit.kaur1_at_imperial.ac.uk Samantha Arnold
s.arnold_at_imperial.ac.uk Web http//vortex.mech.su
rrey.ac.uk/dapple