A Culture in Conflict

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A Culture in Conflict

• 1919-1939

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Physics

• Marie and Pierre Curie begin experimenting with
  radioactivity

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Science

• Einstein advances his theory of relativity

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Psychology

• Freud pioneers psychoanalysis (lying on the
  couch) and develops theories about unconscious
  and subconscious

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Art Movements

• Fauvist Movement, 1905-1908
• Cubist Movement, 1900s-1930s
• Dada Movement, 1916-1922
• Surrealist Movement, 1920s-1960s
• Social Commentary Movement, 1900s-1950s
• Bauhaus/International Style, 1920s-1930s

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Fauvism
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Cubism

• Shows artists conception of a new world with own
  system of order
• reduces nature to basic shapes

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Georges Braque

• Considered by some art historians to precede
  Picasso in coining term and movement
• focuses on simultaneous views of object

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Picasso

• Most famous cubist artist
• has Blue Period Rose Period
• influenced by African tribal art
• synthetic and analytic cubism

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Dada

• Short movement
• focuses on machine-produced utilitarian articles
  as art
• Bauhaus Movement grows out of this, as well as
  modern art

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Marcel Duchamp
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Hans Arp
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Max Ernst
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Abstract Art

• Paul Klee

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Vasily Kandinsky
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Surrealism

• Mocks the rationalist views of Western
  Civilization
• focuses on dreams and irrational thoughts
• Movement is still in evidence today

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Surrealism

• Salvador Dali, Persistence of Memory, 1931

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Rene Magritte

• Considered first surrealist
• attempted to show dream experiences in which
  recognizable forms appear in surprising
  combinations

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Joan Miro

• surrealist
• borders on modern art due to lack of common
  ground with viewer
• also produced ceramic works

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Miros Works
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Social Commentary Movement

• Points out injustices through artwork
• Examples of Spanish Civil War, World War I, and
  Latin American problems

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Picassos Guernica 1937
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Kathe Kollwitz
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Architecture

• Frank Lloyd Wright function should determine
  form

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The Guggenheim
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Hollyhock House
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Marin County Civic Center
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Weltzheimer House
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Bauhaus

• Follows Dada Movement in art
• Focuses on idea of art follows function
• No need for ornamentation
• lays groundwork for Modern Architecture Movement

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Literature

• Loss of faith writers T.S. Eliot and Ernest
  Hemingway
• Stream of consciousness writers James Joyce and
  Virginia Woolf

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Radio

• The new invention of the radio creates mass
  culture

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Jazz

• Pioneered by African Americans, combines Western
  harmonies with African rhythms

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Women and Society

• Flappers shocked their elders
• Some progress was made suffrage, higher
  education, more acceptance into new fields such
  as science and art