Starter

1
Starter title bacteria

• Use page 62 onwards to answer the following
  questions
• Where can we find bacteria?
• What are the 4 shapes that bacteria come as?
• Copy the diagram of bacteria structure and
  annotate with the additional information found
  around it
• Nucleus cell wall mitochondria vacuoles
  chloroplasts flagellum

2
SAQ 1

• Chlorophyll just not packaged in a chloroplast
• Some have other pigments that absorb sunlight

3
Learning objectives

• State the functions of parts of the bacterial
  cell
• Describe the main shapes of bacteria
• Recognise how bacteria sustain life and reproduce
• Describe how to use bacteria to make yoghurt
• Define the term pathogen
• Describe cause and transmission of certain
  diseases
• Describe the stages of infectious disease

4
How bacteria feed

• Some bacteria make food by photosynthesis
• Unlike animals they do not need to trace the
  energy back to the sun - chemotrophic
• Specialised using all sorts of different
  chemicals so can live in harsh conditions e.g.
  deep sea vents (iron sulphide ? other materials

5
Bacteria reproduction
6
Compost heaps
Hay to silage
Uses of bacteria
cheese
Vinegar
7
Yoghurt production

• Sterilisation of equipment Why?
• Pasteurisation of milk (65oC for 30 secs) Why?
• Addition of live bacteria to warm milk
• Incubation of culture (35oC) What does this
  mean?
• Sugars to lactic acid
• Sampling pH and thickness checks
• Addition of flavours and colours
• Packaging

8
Pathogens

• Micro-organisms with the ability to cause disease
• 4 types
• Bacteria
• Fungi
• Virus
• protazoa

9
How they cause disease

• Entry into the body small numbers and often no
  symptoms of disease
• Rapid reproduction massive and quick increase
  in numbers
• Production of toxins, these cause the damage to
  tissues
• Appearance of symptoms due to toxins

10

• Infection pathogen getting in
• Incubation period time taken for numbers to
  increase to levels where symptoms are seen

11
Specific diseases

• Complete table and glue in