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Assisting European Employers.The EAL-NET
ProjectMatteo SgarziInternational Relations
and ProjectsAlmaLaurea Interuniversity
ConsortiumMeeting FEDORALancaster, June 21st,
2007
www.eal-net.org
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What is AlmaLaurea

• Initially run by the University of Bologna,
  AlmaLaurea is today managed by a consortium of 50
  private and public universities with the support
  of the Ministry of Education. Its institutional
  objectives are twofold.
• First, AlmaLaurea provides to its member academic
  institutions reliable information concerning
  their graduates.
• Second, it aims at facilitating graduates access
  to the labor market through the creation of an
  innovative service that makes electronically
  available to firms a rich data set concerning
  graduates characteristics

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Why AlmaLaurea has been established??

• To respond to requirements
• To provide the University Authorities with
  complete, punctual and reliable documentation on
  the effectiveness and the quality of the
  university careers
• To put at companies disposal a tool to search
  high qualified human resources
• To promote the widest and better placement of
  graduates on the Italian and foreign job market
• To increase in value the Italian University
  system

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AlmaLaurea Consortium today

• 2007
• 50 Universities in Italy
• 850.000 CV in Data Base
• 66 out of all Italian graduates yearly
• 4.000 companies have used the offered services
• 35 employees
• 4,5 Million Euro of turnover
• Financing channels
• 40 associated universities
• 25 Ministry of University
• 35 customer Companies

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Bolzano
Castellanza - LIUC
Padova
Trento
Udine
MI San Raffaele
Trieste
Aosta - Valle dAosta
MI-IULM
Piemonte Orientale
Venezia IUAV
Verona
Università di Torino
VE-Ca Foscari
Ferrara
Torino Politecnico
Bologna
Parma
Genova
Camerino
Perugia Stranieri
Modena e Reggio E.
Teramo
LAquila
Siena
Perugia
Firenze
Chieti
Molise
Viterbo
Roma IUSM
Roma La Sapienza
Foggia
Roma LUMSA
Sassari
Roma III
Bari
Salerno
Roma Campus Bio-Medico
Cassino
Basilicata
Napoli SUN.
Lecce
Benevento
Calabria
Catanzaro
Cagliari
Messina
Reggio Calabria
Catania
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AlmaLaurea System
Analysis of the internal effectiveness of
universities as training structures Tool Graduate
profile Annual report
Systematic survey of graduate features Tool Alma
Laurea Data Base
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Graduate Profile to

• Investigate graduate performances, thus
  favouring the educational provision planning
• Know graduate satisfaction with the
  education programmes
• Inform students at the entrance, thus favouring
  University enrolment
• Universities education features comparison
• For companies positionate the recruiting
  candidates in comparison with the average
  preparation and skills of the reference group of
  graduates

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AlmaLaurea System
Analysis of the internal effectiveness of
universities as training structures Tool Graduate
profile Annual report
Analysis of the external performance of the
degree courses at a given university tool Gradua
tes occupational status Annual report
Systematic survey of graduate features Tool Alma
Laurea Data Base
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Survey of graduate employment to

• Employment monitoring
• Know the modalities of enter
  the labour market
• Know the coherence between
  
  educational career and current employment
• Obtain information of
• the professional career development
  

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AlmaLaurea System
Analysis of the internal effectiveness of
universities as training structures Tool Graduate
profile Annual report
Analysis of the external performance of the
degree courses at a given university tool Gradua
tes occupational status Annual report
Systematic survey of graduate features Tool Alma
Laurea Data Base
E-recruitment servicesfor business tool Service
s to companies
Promotion of their training resources tool Servi
ces to universities
Access to labour market and further
education tool Services to graduates
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EuroAlmaLaurea System
Analysis of the internal effectiveness of
universities as training structures Tool Graduate
profile Annual report
Analysis of the external performance of the
degree courses at a given university tool Gradua
tes occupational status Annual report
Systematic survey of graduate features Tool EAL-
NET Data Base
Systematic survey of graduate features Tool Alma
Laurea Data Base
E-recruitment servicesfor business tool Service
s to companies
Promotion of their training resources tool Servi
ces to universities
Access to labour market and further
education tool Services to graduates
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From AlmaLaurea to EuroAlmaLaurea

• Find answers to major challenges
• Internationalization of the labour markets
• Integration of European Higher Education Systems
  (Bologna Process)
• Comparability of statistics at European level

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Coherence with the dictation of the Bologna
Declaration

• EuroAlmaLaurea aims
• to facilitate the attainment of a major
  compatibility and comparability of the higher
  education systems supporting concrete
  measures that will allow to realize tangible
  progress
• to favor the occupability of the European
  citizens and the international competitiveness of
  the European Higher Education System

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A response EAL-NET Project.

• Objectives of the Project
• To realize a prototype of the European Graduates
  Data Base
• To merge CV of graduates from Projects Partner
  Universities and those Italian consortiated in
  AlmaLaurea
• To test the prototype in collaboration with
  Universities and Companies
• To create a multi languages tool for the
  publication of CVs and their search

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The Projects Consortium
AlmaLaurea (I) Coordinator
CINECA (I) IT Company
INTRASOFT (B) IT Company
TARKI RT (H) Research Centre
ELTE U. Budapest (H)
U. Marne-la-Vallée (F)
U. Warsaw (PL)
U. Maastricht (NL)
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EAL-NET Project

• Aims achieved
• Common format of curriculum vitae
• Multi languages functionalities of the portal
• Compatibility of the Privacy Laws of each country
  
• Searching the database according to type of
  degree and field of study
• Inclusion of CVs in data base to TEST the system
• Identification of the user group that is testing
  the system

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• How have been interpretated, transnational
  usability objectives ?
• A company whatsoever must have the faculty to
  look for graduates without any national or
  language boundary.
• Maximum system usability
• Flexibility in language selection
• Large translations availability
• Safeguard of National issues and characteristics

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EAL-NET database information supply and outcomes
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multi language CVs
IT
NL
FR
EN
registration
HU
PL
Multi language CVs
questionnaire
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Classification and certification of the degree
University database
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Companies Multilanguage research
curriculum vitae(in every language)
Database query (in every language)
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Area companies - services to the enterprises
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CV search
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CV search
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CV search
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CV search
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CV search
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CV search
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CV search
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CV search
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CV search
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CV search
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CV search
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CV search
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CV search
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CV search
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Job board vacancies list
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Dettaglio annuncio
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Dettaglio annuncio
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How to apply for a vacancy
LOGIN for CV forward
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Furter education opportunities
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EAL-NET Project

• Perspectives
• Start up of the entire data base by 2007
• Extension of the Project to other Universities
• Establishment of a University Consortium (alike
  AlmaLaurea) in each country
• To awaken the University Authorities
• The entrance into the Project of other
  Universities, European and not

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Coherence with EC Communication 208 /2006

• In summary, while the integration of graduates
  in the labour market is a responsibility shared
  with employers, professional bodies and
  overnments, labour market success should be used
  as one indicator (among others) of the quality of
  university performance, and acknowledged and
  rewarded in regulatory, funding and evaluation
  systems.

Brussels, 10.5.2006 COM(2006) 208 final
COMMUNICATION FROM THE COMMISSION TO THE COUNCIL
AND THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT DELIVERING ON THE
MODERNISATION AGENDA FOR UNIVERSITIES EDUCATION,
RESEARCH AND INNOVATION
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Bologna Process - London Priorities for 2009

• Over the next two years, European Council of
  Ministers of Education agreed to concentrate on
  the following areas for action
• Mobility
• Social Dimension
• Data collection
• Employability
• The European Higher Education Area in a global
  context
• Stocktaking

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Bologna Process - London Priorities for 2009

• Data Collection
• Need to improve the availability of data on both
  mobility and the social dimension across all the
  countries participating in the Bologna Process.
• To develop comparable and reliable indicators and
  data to measure progress towards the overall
  objective for the social dimension and student
  and staff mobility in all Bologna countries.
• Data in this field should cover participative
  equity in higher education as well as
  employability for graduates.

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Bologna Process - London Priorities for 2009

• Employability
• Following up on the introduction of the
  three-cycle degree system, the Council ask to
  consider in more detail how to improve
  employability in relation to each of these cycles
  as well as in the context of lifelong learning.
• need to communicate more with employers and other
  stakeholders on the rationale for their reforms.
• The Council urge institutions to further develop
  partnerships and cooperation with employers in
  the ongoing process of curriculum innovation
  based on learning outcomes.

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Some findings the AlmaLaureas customer companies
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Objectives what has been found ?

• The characteristics of the graduated staff
  employed by the Company
• Personal characteristics important for the
  company during the candidate selection stage and
  channels used for candidates search
• The companies satisfaction with AlmaLaurea
  services
• The survey involved about 500 recruiters already
  AlmaLaurea costumers (phone interviews)

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AlmaLaurea figures

• WEB SITE
• COMPANIES
• GRADUATES

• Average daily visits 8.000
• Average visited pages 70.000
• visitors distribution rates
• 80 graduates area
• 10 companies area
• 10 university area
• Registered companies 12.000
• Downloaded CVs (bought by companies) in year
  2006 430.000
• Stored CVs 850.000
• Stored CVs in 2006 180.000
• average number of sent CVs per single job offer
  160
• rate of e-mail owners 85
• Update rate within the 1st year 55

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Which companies are using AlmaLaurea
services in Italy

• Large size Italian and foreign companies with the
  internal human resources office use AlmaLaurea
  services to reduce time and costs of the
  recruitment
• Small business and professional offices use
  AlmaLaurea services for a specific need
• The associations of category and Universities
  can directly provide companies with AlmaLaurea
  Services trought the activation of a desk

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Companies recruitments per study level
Junior profiles
Senior profiles
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Main graduates CV seeking channels
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CVs held on company files
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AlmaLaurea (database and job posting)
Job posting on other web sites
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Universities offices, Faculties
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Personal contacts
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Personnel selection/employement agencies
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Best channels for FRESH GRADUATES CV seeking
Universities offices, Faculties
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AlmaLaurea (database and job posting)
Temporary employment agencies
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CVs held on company files
Job posting on other web sites
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Personal contacts
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The most important aspects in job selections
AlmaLaurea CV
AL certified CV
Almalaurea as official source
Valori medi (scala da 1 a 10)
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A recent study

• Do On-Line Labor Market Intermediaries
  Matter?The impact of AlmaLaurea on
  University-to-Work Transition
• by Manuel Bagues (U. Carlos III Madrid) and Mauro
  Sylos Labini (IMT Lucca/U. Alicante)
• Presented in Boston (MA) Labour Market
  Intermediation Conference, May 17th-18th 2007.
  Will appear on National Bureau of Economics
  Research Working paper series
• BASIC GOAL
• This paper empirically addresses the effects of
  on-line labor market intermediaries. In
  particular, it is concerned with the impact of
  the intermediation activity carried on by the
  interuniversity consortium called AlmaLaurea on
  graduates labor market outcomes.

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What the study states

• it has been extremely difficult to asses the
  impact of on-line technologies on labour market
  outcomes.
• The internet is believed to increase the amount
  of information available to recruiters and job
  seekers and at the same time to improve their
  ability to screen on-line applications and
  opportunities. Both aspects are likely to
  decrease the cost of job search and therefore to
  improve matching productivity.
• The case study provides exceptional evidence on
  the positive effects of online labor market
  intermediaries for two basic reasons
• first, the study observes AlmaLaureas effects
  during a time period in which e-recruitment was
  almost non-existent in Italy.
• Second, it doesnt measure the effect of
  AlmaLaurea on graduates who actually use its
  service. Rather, it measure the average effect on
  all graduates from universities that belong to
  AlmaLaurea comparing their employment outcomes
  with the remaining graduates.
• In other words the study estimates the overall
  effect of this electronic intermediary and not
  the private benefits of using it.

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DID methodology

• The simple DID framework can be described as
  follows. The causal effect of a treatment on an
  outcome is defined as the difference between two
  potential outcomes (Rubin 1974 Heckman 1990). Of
  course, it is impossible to observe such an
  effect for a given individual. However, it is
  possible to identify an average effect if one
  observes the population of interest at least at
  two distinct time periods, only a fraction of the
  population is exposed to treatment, and parallel
  paths over time for treated and controls is
  assumed. The main intuition is that, under this
  design, an untreated group of the population may
  be used to identify time variation in the outcome
  that is not due to treatment exposure.

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Study Conclusions

• The evidence shows that online labor market
  intermediary adoption has a positive effect on
  graduates labor market outcomes three years after
  graduation. What has been found
• AlmaLaurea decreases graduates unemployment
  probability (around 2 per cent)
• AL slightly increases monthly wages
• AL improves two distinct self-reported measures
  of job satisfaction
• AL increased the gaduates relative probability to
  move to a different province for work reasons.
  (around 2.5 points)