Abilene update and Internet2 Network of the Future

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Abilene update and Internet2 Network of the
Future

• Southern Illinois University
• Internet2 Day
• Steve Corbató, Director of Backbone Network
  Infrastructure

25 April 2001
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Outline

• Abilene Network current status
• Internet2 End-to-End Performance Initiative
• Advanced infrastructure directions
• Internet2 Network of the Future
• An analogue with the oil industry

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Advanced U.S. research university connectivity
requirements

• Research testbed
• configurable, breakable, measurable
  infrastructure
• serving computer science research and advanced
  engineering
• traditional province of DARPA
• Advanced service/application deployment network
• standards based, 7x24 operation expectation
  (NSFnet?vBNS? Abilene)
• National education intranet
• interconnecting all K-20 educational
  institutions/networks to enable applications and
  services unavailable over the commercial Internet
• Commercial entities (high performance
  connectivity)
• providers of content of value to EDU (e.g.,
  Nexis-Lexis, Akamai)
• EDU-related startups (genomics, network
  performance/mgmt)

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Unique features of Internet2 environment

• Per capita available bandwidth O(10-100) higher
  than over the commercial Internet
• TCP flows of ?0.5 Gbps possible
• Active advanced service deployment efforts
• Native multicast most widely deployed
• Commitment to open network management and active
  measurement
• Collaborative relationship with GigaPoPs and
  research university campus technical communities
• Commitment to the original end-to-end
  architecture vision
• Emphasis on end-to-end performance measurement
  and assurance

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Abilene

• A high-performance Internet2 national backbone
  dedicated to the support of advanced Internet
  application and service development within the
  U.S. research university community and in
  collaboration with its partners - including
  federal and corporate laboratories, international
  research education networks, and the broader
  American educational community
• A partnership of UCAID, Cisco Systems, Nortel,
  Qwest Communications, Indiana University, and two
  Internet2 Test and Evaluation Centers in Ohio and
  North Carolina

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Qwest acquisition of U S WEST
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Abilene April, 2001

• Inflection point in network development
• OC-48c (2.5 Gbps) IP-over-SONET backbone
• 52 current and pending connections in 33 states
• Two OC-48c connections P/NW and SoX
• 16 connections at OC-12c or higher
• 185 participants in 48 states and D.C.
• Ongoing strong partnership
• Cisco, Nortel, Qwest, Indiana Univ., ITECs (NC
  and OH)
• Increasing backbone utilization
• Characteristic exponential growth
• O(OC-12c) peak utilization on some links
• Traffic doubling time 7 months

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Abilene Core autumn 2000
Seattle
New York
Cleveland
Indianapolis
Sacramento
Washington
Denver
Denver
Kansas City
Los Angeles
Atlanta
Houston
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Abilene connection fees (annual)
Previous New
OC-3c 110,000 (110,000) SONET ATM
OC-12c 320,000 270,000 SONET
280,000 ATM/1 PVC 1 BGP peering
290,000 ATM
OC-48c 495,000 430,000 SONET
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Abilene participation categories

• Regular Member Participant
• University member of Internet2
• Collaboration Site
• Affiliate or corporate member of Internet2
• Sponsored participant
• University member sponsors collaborating
  affiliate with advanced networking requirement
• Sponsored Education Group Participant
• University member sponsors educational aggregate
  network (ususally, a state network)

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Sponsored Education Group Participation

• In November, 2000, the Abilene Conditions of
  Use (CoU) were modified
• Effective January 15, 2001, a networked
  aggregate of educational institutions may gain
  access to Abilene as a Sponsored Education Group
  Participant.
• designed primarily to accommodate existing and
  emerging state-based education networks
• This new class of Abilene participation
  supplements the existing classes of Member
  Participant, Collaboration Site, and Sponsored
  Participant

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Sponsored Education Group Participation - status

• State education networks approved (8)
• California (CalREN-2)
• Michigan (Merit)
• Missouri (Great Plains Network)
• Oklahoma (OneNet)
• Oregon (Oregon GigaPoP)
• Rhode Island (Northern Crossroads - NOX)
• Virginia (Mid-Atlantic Crossroads MAX)
• Washington (Pacific/Northwest GigaPoP)
• Additional states in review process (4)
• Georgia
• Indiana
• Ohio
• Pennsylvania

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Abilene International Peering and International
Transit Network (ITN)
STTL CAnet3, (AARnet)
APAN/TransPAC, Canet3, CERN, CERnet, IUCC,
NORDUnet, RENATER, REUNA2, SURFnet, SingAREN,
SINET, TAnet2 , (ANSP, HARnet?)
NYCM TEN-155, JANET, NORDUnet, SURFnet
CAnet3 (HEAnet)
SNVA (SINET, GEMNET)
LOSA SingAREN, SINET
AmPATH (REUNA2, RNP2, RETINA?)
CALREN2 CUDI
UT El Paso (CUDI)
ARNES, BELNET, CESnet, DFN, GRNET, HEAnet,
RESTENA, SWITCH, HUNGARNET, GARR-B, POL-34, RCCN,
RedIRIS
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Advanced services on Abilene

• Multicast
• IPv6
• Measurement
• Quality of service (QoS)
• IETF Differentiated Services model

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Advanced services - Multicast

• Abilene is a leading backbone globally in
  aggressive protocol deployment (MBGP, MSDP,
  PIM-Sparse, SSM)
• Early detection of the Ramen worm
• Deployment
• 72 of BGP peerings are multicast-enabled
• Peering at MIX (NASA Ames) and soon elsewhere
• However, multicast remains an experimental
  service

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Advanced services IPv6

• Overlay network of Cisco 7206 routers
• Collaboration between Abilene NOC and I2 v6 WG
• Initial ARIN address allocation received
• Planning for v6-only peering with WIDE
  (Sunnyvale)
• Is v6s time coming in the U.S.?
• wireless,
• End-to-End Architecture
• International deployment efforts
• Watch this space

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Advanced services - Measurement

• Open network measurement stance
• Active measurement Surveyor
• Traffic characterization project Ohio ITEC
• Source/destination matrix, traffic types
• Requested measurement services
• Passive measurement (MOAT)
• Off-net Netflow feeds
• Will play a strategic role in End-to-End
  Performance Initiative
• NOC and Measurement WG
• DDoS detection testbed (Asta Networks)

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End-to-End (e2e) PerformanceInitiative

• Human to Human Collaboration Experience
• User perception EYEBALL
• Application CORE
  APPLICATION
• Operating system
• Host IP stack STACK
• Host network card
• Local Area Network (LAN) JACK
• Campus backbone network
• Campus connection to regional network/GigaPoP
• GigaPoP connection to Internet2 national backbone
• International connections

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Internet2 End-to-End Performance Initiative

• Extending focus from raw connectivity to the
  actual performance experienced by the campus end
  user
• e2e will address all obstacles to performance
• Application readiness and tuning
• End system operating systems and networking
  support
• Local Area Network and campus backbone upgrades
• Outreach to end users and campus support teams
• Widely distributed, pro-active measurement
• Performance Evaluation and Response Function
  (PERF)
• Hybrid of Network Operations Center and
  Applications Support Team
• Knowledge database and associated tools
• Phased approach
• Design team report completed February, 2001
• Call for Participation to be released soon

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Defining E2E Performance Success Metrics

• Selecting set of appropriate core applications
  and services
• TCP applications e.g., Web, file transfer
• Internet-based telephony (VoIP)
• Internet-based videoconferencing
• Multiple technologies with distinct service
  levels
• Pervasive multicast for multimedia and data
  distribution
• Scope
• How broadly across the campus network should e2e
  be supported?
• Timing
• How quickly can these goals be met?
• End user expectation management essential

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New technology drivers carrier hotels

• Facilities that permit interconnection of telecom
  carriers
• Necessary components
• critical mass of fiber-based carriers (national,
  local)
• common fiber interconnection facilities
• riser space
• Facilitate peering of ISPs
• local exchange point
• Legacy hotels
• 60 Hudson (NYC), One Wilshire (LA), Westin Bldg
  (SEA)
• New purpose-built facilities under construction
• NAP of the Americas (MIA)

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New technology drivers optical

• Aggressive period of fiber construction on the
  national metro scales
• Every conceivable right-of-way being explored
  and/or excavated
• Many campuses and GigaPoPs have or are pursuing
  fiber
• University of Washington metro fiber project
• CENIC Optical Networking Initiative
• Dense Wave Division Multiplexing (DWDM)
• Allows the provisioning of multiple channels
  (?s) over distinct wavelengths on the same fiber
  pair
• Now over 100 channels supported (100xOC-192c is 1
  Tbps!)
• Still very expensive on the national scale
• Amplification required and also repeaters (OEO)
  until ULR
• C(oarse)WDM is a cheaper alternative in metro
  areas
• Optical switching
• Technology on the horizon

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Telephonys recent past (from an IP perspective)
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IP Networking (and telephony) in the not so
distant future
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Gigapop Transport OptionsTopics for future
discussion

• RoW, conduit, dark dim fiber, ?s
• IRU arrangements
• Optical technologies (amps, repeaters, DWDM,
  optical switching)
• DWDM interoperability 
• 10 Gigabit Ethernet vs. OC-192c
• Strategic carrier hotel development
• Colocation for interconnection, peering (not
  data centers)

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Network of the Future architecture

• Initial Internet2 architecture defined January,
  1997
• Four components
• National backbones
• optical networking - amplification and
  regeneration
• GigaPoPs
• regional fiber initiatives
• Campuses
• ubiquity (wireless)
• high performance (wired)
• Advanced services
• roles of IPv6 and QoS

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Next steps for Abilene

• Continuing advanced service deployment
• Playing our part in E2E Performance Initiative
• Ongoing planning for Network of the Future
• Close collaboration with the Gigapops and new
  fiber initiatives
• Expanding access to broader education community
  in support of advanced networking

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For more information

• www.internet2.edu/abilene
• www.internet2.edu/e2eperf
• abilene_at_internet2.edu