Bachelor of Information Technology

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Bachelor of Information Technology
Fundamentals of Computer Systems and PC
Applications
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What we will talk about?

• Objectives of the module Fundamentals of
  Computer Systems and PC Applications
• Detailed description of selected topics
• Discussion of some model questions
• Other Resources

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Module Objectives

• describe how Computer Systems work
• use PC based operating systems and possess a
  knowledge of its features
• create professional quality documents, reports,
  spreadsheets, presentations and databases
• understand basic features of Multi-Media and
  CAD/CAM applications
• understand PC Networks and Internet 

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Topic Objectives

• Introduction to Computers (22 hrs)
• Identify the various components in a computer
  system with its basic functions
• Describe the important features of the CPU and
  storage devices
• Describe the features and functions of various
  input/output devices
• Understand the various number systems data
  representation methods with its use

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Topic Objectives (2)

• History of Computers (04 hrs)
• Explain the historical evolution of computers
  with different generations and components
• Classify computers by size, processing power and
  cost

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Topic Objectives (3)

• MS-Windows / DOS operating systems (06 hrs)
• Understand the importance of software
• Describe the various types of software with its
  applications and examples
• Understand the features of Windows and DOS
  operating systems with commands and functions

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Topic Objectives (4)

• Word Processing (06 hrs)
• Understand the features of a word processor
• Create different type of documents from simple
  letters to newsletters to reports that include
  charts and tables  

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Topic Objectives (5)

• Spreadsheet Applications (06 hrs)
• Understand the features available in a
  spreadsheet application package
• Create from simple worksheets to integrated
  workbooks with charts, formulae, functions and
  advanced features

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Topic Objectives (6)

• Database Applications (06 hrs)
• Understand the basic database concepts by using a
  relational database package
• Create and use databases with tables, forms,
  reports, queries and macros
• Develop database systems for suitable
  applications

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Topic Objectives (7)

• Creation Presentation of Computer Graphics (02
  hrs)
• Understand the features available in a
  presentation package
• Create impressive slideshows that can be shown
  from the monitor or other video output device

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Topic Objectives (8)

• Creation Presentation of Computer Graphics (02
  hrs)
• Understand the features available in a
  presentation package
• Create impressive slideshows that can be shown
  from the monitor or other video output device

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Topic Objectives (9)

• Multi-Media Tools Devices (02 hrs)
• Understand the various features of Multi-Media
• Explain the requirements of Multi-Media
  applications with tools and devices available

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Topic Objectives (10)

• CAD/CAM Applications (02 hrs)
• Understand the basic features of CAD/CAM
  application package and its usage

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Topic Objectives (11)

• Introduction to PC Networks Internet (04 hrs)
• Understand the evolution and the organization of
  the Networks and applications
• Understand how the Internet works

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Module Structure
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Numbering Systems

• Decimal
• Binary
• Octal
• Hexadecimal (Hex)

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Decimal Number System
Base (Radix) 10 Digits 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7,
8, 9 e.g. 345
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Binary Number System
Base 2 Digits 0, 1 e.g. 1101
2
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Octal Number System
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 2 0 1 1 3 1
0 0 4 1 0 1 5 1 1 0 6 1 1 1 7
Base 8 Digits 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 e.g. 664
8
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Hexadecimal Number System
0000 0 0001 1 0010 2 0011 3 0100 4 0101
5 0110 6 0111 7
1000 8 1001 9 1010 A 1011 B 1100 C 1101
D 1110 E 1111 F
Base 16 Digits 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7,
8, 9, A, B, C, D, E, F e.g. A74D
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Conversions Decimal to Binary (Integer)
Eg. 2210 to Binary
Remainder
Divide integer until the integer quotient becomes
0
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Conversions Binary to Decimal
Eg. 101102 to Decimal
20 x 0
21 x 1
22 x 1
23 x 0
24 x 1
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16 0 4 2 0




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Conversions Decimal to Octal
Eg. 13510 to Octal
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Conversions Octal to Decimal
Eg. 2078 to Decimal
2 0 7
80 x 7
81 x 0
82 x 2
135
64 2 0 7
x


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Conversions Decimal to Hexadecimal
Eg. 24810 to Hexadecimal
3383
16
9 3
211
16
13
16
D
0
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Conversions Hexadecimal to Decimal
Eg. D3916 to Decimal
D 3 9
160 x 9
161 x 3
162 x 13
338310
256 13 48 9
x


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Data Representation
How Data is Stored
( Either 0 or 1 )
BIT B i n a r y d i g I T
Basic unit for storing data in main computer
memory is the bit. A bit can represent one of
only two values. bit 0 is said to be off bit
1 is said to be on
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Data Representation
byte 8 bits

• Many computers use a combination of 8 bits
  (called a byte) as a unit for storing data.
• Thus a byte is a location in the computer main
  memory consists of 8 adjacent bits.
• When a character is entered from the keyboard,
  the computer interprets the character and stores
  it as a series of bits being on and off.

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How Capacity is Expressed
Kilobyte (KB) is about 1000 bytes 1024 Bytes
(210 bytes) Megabyte (MB) is about 1 million
bytes 1024 KB (220 bytes) Gigabyte (GB) is about
1 billion bytes 1024 MB (230 bytes) Terabyte
(TB) is about 1 trillion bytes 1024 GB (240
bytes)
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Character Codes ASCII
64 32 16 8 4 2 1

• Numbers (0-9)
• bits 5 and 6 on and bits 1-4 used based on
  binary number system
• Letters (A-Z)
• bits 7 on and bits 1-5 used based on binary
  number system

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Character Codes ASCII
Number ASCII Letter ASCII
A 1000001 B 1000010 C 1000011 D 1000100 E 1000101
F 1000110 G 1000111 H 1001000 I 1001001
0 0110000 1 0110001 2 0110010 3 0110011 4 0110100
5 0110101 6 0110110 7 0110111 8 0111000 9 0111001
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Character Codes ASCII
Letter ASCII Letter ASCII
J 1001010 K 1001011 L 1001100 M 1001101 N 1001110
O 1001111 P 1010000 Q 1010001 R 1010010
S 1010011 T 1010100 U 1010101 V 1010110 W 1010111
X 1011000 Y 1011001 Z 1011010
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Number  183 in Decimal  is equal to
(a)  10110101 in Binary  
183 11 7 0 B
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(b)  10110111 in Binary  
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(c)  267 in Octal
(d)  A7 in Hexadecimal
(e)  B7 in Hexadecimal
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Numbers B84D and 6317 can be represented in
number systems respectively as
(a) Hexadecimal and Binary (b) Octal and
Octal (c) Hexadecimal and Octal (d) Octal and
Binary (e) Hexadecimal and Decimal
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File A and File B are having the sizes 3MB and
4KB. The exact total number of bits required to
store two files is.
(a)    3004000 (b)    3149824 (c)   
24608768 (d)    24032000 (e) 25198592
(1024x1024x3x8) (1024x4x8)
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Sum of the number 1471 in Octal and 62E in
Hexa-decimal gives the result

• 2405 in Decimal
• 4547 in Octal
• 2407 in Decimal
• 100101100101 in Binary
• 100101101101 in Binary

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1101100101110 is a binary value. What is/are the
correct statement(s)? (a)    The Odd parity bit
for this is 1. (b)    The Octal equivalent of
this is 16456 (c)    The Octal equivalent of this
is 72270 (d)    The hexadecimal equivalent of
this is E970 (e) The hexadecimal equivalent
of this is 1D2E
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Identify the possible ways, to move a block of
text, from one position to another position in a
word-processing document
(a) mark the block of text, cut the block and
paste it in the new position (b) mark the
block of text, drag it and drop it in the
new position (c) mark the block of text, press
the delete key, and paste it in the new
position (d) delete the text character by
character, and paste it into the new
position (e) mark the block of text, cut the
block and re-type in the new position
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Main Reading

• Microsoft Office 2000 8 in 1 by Joe Hubraken,
  Prentice-Hall of India, Eastern Economy Edition,
  1999.

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Supplementary Reading

• Office 2000 The complete reference by Stephen L.
  Nelson, Tata McGraw-Hill Edition, 1999.
• Teach yourself all about computers by Barry Press
  and Marcia Press, IDG Books India, 2000.
• Using Computers and Information by Jack B.
  Rochester, Que Education Training, 1996.

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Questions on the module

• fp_at_ict.cmb.ac.lk

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On line Resources

• BITWeb at www.ict.cmb.ac.lk
• Many other e-books and e-tutorials available
  freely over the Internet

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Contacting us

• The External Examinations Unit
• 221/2A, Dharmapala Mawatha
• Colombo 07
• 074-720511/3
• bit_at_ict.cmb.ac.lk

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• The End